水蒸气蒸馏联合顶空进样气质联用分析夏枯草挥发油成分

Analysis of volatile oil in Prunella vulgaris L. by steam distillation combined with headspace sampling GC-MS

目的研究分析临床常用中药夏枯草中挥发油类成分的组成,鉴定主要成分结构,为更好的开发利用奠定基础。方法采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取夏枯草中的挥发油,采用顶空进样气相色谱质谱联用法(GC-MS)对挥发油成分进行结构分析和鉴定。结果从夏枯草挥发油中共分离鉴定出26个化学成分,其中匹配度较高的20个化学成分占挥发油成分总量的96. 03%,匹配度均高于90%。夏枯草中相对含量较高的成分种类是脂肪酸类成分(49. 83%)、醇类成分(15. 37%)、醚类成分(11. 03%)、烯类成分(7. 64%)和烷烃类成分(6. 69%)。结论中药夏枯草挥发油中化学成分较为复杂,以脂肪酸类成分为主,其中棕榈酸含量最高;夏枯草挥发油中的主要活性成分还有待进一步研究,研究结果为夏枯草的资源开发利用与质量控制评价奠定了基础。

Objective To study the component of volatile oil from Prunella vulgaris L.,and lay a foundation for further development and utilization.Methods The volatile oil of Prunella vulgaris L.was extracted by steam distillation,and the volatile oil was analyzed by headspace sampling GC-MS.Results A total of 26 chemical components were isolated,among which 20 chemical components with high matching degree accounted for 96.03%of total volatile oil components,and the matching degree was higher than 90%.The components with higher relative contents were fatty acids(49.83%),alcohols(15.37%),ethers(11.03%),alkenes(7.64%)and alkanes(6.69%).Conclusion The chemical constituents of the volatile oil of Prunella vulgaris L.are complex,and the organic acids are the main component.The main active ingredients in volatile oil of saussurea are still to be further studied.The results provide reference for the comprehensive utilization and quality control evaluation of Prunella vulgaris L..