非洲国家旅游竞争力综合评价及空间差异分析

Research on the Comprehensive Evaluation and Its Spatial Differences of Tourism Competitiveness of African Countries

在全球旅游业蓬勃发展的大背景下,非洲凭借着丰富的旅游资源、快速的经济发展以及政府的大力支持,旅游业呈现快速发展的趋势。文章在构建非洲国家旅游竞争力综合评价指标体系的基础上,采用熵权法对非洲36个主要国家的旅游竞争力进行定量评价,并对其总体特征和空间差异作了探讨分析。研究结果表明:非洲国家旅游竞争力区域差异显著,发展很不平衡;旅游竞争力较强的国家主要集中在北部和南部非洲地区,旅游竞争力较弱的国家主要集中在东部、西部和中部非洲;南部非洲地区旅游竞争力的内部差异较大,其余地区内部差异较小;根据非洲国家旅游竞争力综合评价得分,可将其划分为旅游竞争力强、较强、较弱、弱四类。

In the context of booming global tourism industry,Africa,with its rich tourism resources,rapid economic development and strong government support,has witnessed a trend of rapid development of tourism.Based on the construction of a comprehensive evaluation index system of the tourism competitiveness of African countries,the entropy weight method is used to evaluate the tourism competitiveness of 36 major African countries,and the overall characteristics and spatial differences are discussed and analyzed.The results show that there are significant regional differences in tourism competitiveness among African countries,and their development is unbalanced.Countries with strong tourism competitiveness are mainly concentrated in northern and southern Africa,while countries with weak tourism competitiveness are mainly concentrated in eastern,western and central Africa.The internal differences of tourism competitiveness in southern Africa are large,while those in other regions are small.According to the comprehensive evaluation score of tourism competitiveness of African countries,Africa is classified as four categories:strong tourism competitiveness,slightly strong tourism competitiveness,slightly weak tourism competitiveness and weak tourism competitiveness.