芥菜型油菜硫代葡萄糖苷基因的研究进展

Research progress on the regulation and synthesis genes of the glucosinolate biosynthesis pathway in Brassica juncea

硫代葡萄糖苷(简称硫苷)是芥菜型油菜的一类重要次级代谢产物,在植物防御、风味、抗癌等方面有重要作用。但过量的硫苷及其衍生物产生的有毒成分会限制油菜的合理利用。近年来随着对模式植物拟南芥中硫苷合成途径的深入研究,以及芥菜型油菜基因组测序的完成,通过突变硫苷合成途径的MYB、CYP79、CYP83、GTR等相关基因家族来降低硫苷含量已成为研究热点。该文章就硫苷的生物学功能、拟南芥中合成与调节相关基因,以及芥菜型油菜已有的降低硫苷含量的研究进行综述。

The glucosinolates comprise a group of important secondary metabolites in cruciferous plants.They play an important role in plant defense,flavor and anti-cancer activities.However,the rational utilization of rapeseed would be limited by excessive concentrations of glucosinolates and their degradation products.In recent years,with the intensive study of the biosynthesis pathway of glucosinolates and genome sequencing in Brassica juncea,glucosinolate gene regulation and synthesis has become a hot research topic,such as the MYB,CYP79,CYP83 and GTR gene families.The biological functions of glucosinolates,the regulation and biosynthetic genes involved in Arabidopsis thaliana and studies on the reduction of glucoside content in Brassica juncea were reviewed in this paper.