贸易自由化与中国企业出口的国内附加值

Trade Liberalisation and Domestic Value Added of Chinese Firms' Exports

本文考察了贸易自由化对中国企业出口国内附加值的影响及其传导机制。研究表明,贸易自由化显著提高了企业出口的国内附加值率,这一效应随企业加工贸易程度的提高而减弱。传导机制检验表明,贸易自由化通过成本加成提升和研发创新增加渠道提升了企业出口国内附加值率。此外,行业层面的研究发现,资源再配置效应是贸易自由化促进行业出口国内附加值率增长的重要途径。本文结论不仅有助于深入理解近年来中国企业出口国内附加值率提升的政策动因,还为在全球价值链分工体系下如何利用外贸政策调整来提高贸易利益与出口竞争力提供了有益参考依据。

This paper investigates the micro influence and mechanisms that trade liberalisation exerts on changing the domestic value added(DVA) of Chinese firms’ exports. The results show that trade liberalisation has a positive influence on firms’ domestic value added ratio(DVAR), while, on the other hand, it has a significantly greater effect on the export DVAR of pure ordinary trading enterprises than on that of mixed trading enterprises, and ultimately on that of pure processing trading enterprises. On the other hand, markup promotion and increased R&D innovation are channels through which trade liberalisation improves the DVAR of firm exports. Finally, empirical analysis at the industrial level demonstrates that the resource relocation effect is an important method by which trade liberalisation can promote the DVAR growth of industrial exports. These findings may not only help us to further understand the policy drivers of the increase in Chinese firms’ export DVAR in recent years, but also provide a beneficial baseline for knowing how to use the adjustment of foreign trade policies to increase trade benefits and improve export competitiveness in the global value chain division system.