不同衰老程度顶坛花椒土壤养分质量的评价

Soil Nutrient Quality of Zanthoxylum planispinum Trees with Different Aging Level

【目的】为喀斯特石漠化地区花椒林地土壤肥力改良及植被恢复提供科学依据。【方法】以花江峡谷地区6种不同衰老程度顶坛花椒林地土壤为研究对象,通过测定其有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、碱解氮(AN)和全磷(TP)等29项土壤养分及矿质元素化学指标,并运用主成分分析法以及构建土壤质量评价的最小数据集,对顶坛花椒土壤的养分质量进行评价。【结果】1)不同衰老程度顶坛花椒的土壤养分含量存在差异,总体表现出衰老退化较轻花椒林地土壤养分含量高于衰老退化严重的花椒林地。2)研究区土壤养分质量评价的最小数据集有二氧化硅(SiO2)、硼(B)、全钾(TK)、钼(Mo)、速效磷(AP)和速效钾(AK) 6个指标。3)全体数据集土壤质量评价分值依次为低挂果植株(315. 410)>幼树衰老植株(233. 972)>黄叶+低挂果植株(80. 844)>全死亡植株(-35. 366)> 4/5死亡植株(-268. 017)> 1/2死亡植株(-326. 845)。【结论】衰老退化较轻的顶坛花椒林地的土壤质量较好,但6种(Ⅰ～Ⅵ)不同衰老程度顶坛花椒林地均需要对应增施不同肥料改良土壤质量。

【Objective】29 soil nutrients and mineral elements of Zanthoxylum planispinum trees with different aging level in Huajiang valley area were determined and the soil nutrient quality of Zanthoxylum planispinum forest was evaluated by using the principal component analysis and established minimum data set to provide the scientific basis for soil fertility improvement and vegetation recovery of Zanthoxylum planispinum forest in karst stony desertification area.【Result】There is a difference in content of soil nutrients among different kinds of Zanthoxylum planispinum forests and the soil nutrient content of Zanthoxylum planispinum trees with mild aging level is higher than Zanthoxylum planispinum trees with high aging level generally.The minimum data set of soil nutrient quality evaluation in the research area includes six indexes of SiO 2,B,TK,Mo,AP and AK.The soil quality evaluation score of total data sets is low fruiting tree(315.410) >young senescent tree(233.972) >yellow leaves+low fruiting tree(80.844) >complete death tree(-35.366) >4/5 death tree(-268.017) >1/2 death tree(-326.845).【Conclusion】In conclusion,the soil quality of Zanthoxylum planispinum trees with low aging level is better but six Zanthoxylum planispinum forests with different aging levels(Ⅰ-Ⅵ)should be applied with different fertilizers to improve soil quality.