应急出口熟悉度与疏散平衡和连续的关联及优化

Correlation and optimization of the familiarity of emergency exits and the balance and continuity of evacuation

为探究人员对建筑熟悉程度与疏散平衡性及连续性的关系,利用BuildingEXODUS对某办公建筑进行疏散分析。为了更高效地对人群进行疏散,设计6个疏散场景分析人为干预后的疏散情况。结果显示,人员对建筑的熟悉程度越低,疏散瓶颈产生的越早;当疏散过程产生疏散瓶颈,OPS及MNS数值由疏散瓶颈控制。建筑在人员密度低时,OPS及MNS数值受人员分布的影响较大;在大部分人员只了解且选择主要出口疏散时,仅提升次要出口及通往其路径上的建筑疏散构件性能,对提升整体疏散性能的意义不大;有人为引导疏散的情况下,疏散效率大幅提升。制定疏散策略时不可忽视疏散瓶径的影响。

In order to obtain the relationship between the familiarity of the building and the balance and continuity of the building,the Building EXODUS was used to analyze the evacuation of an office building.Six evacuation scenarios with human intervention was analyzed to evacuate the people effectively.The results showed that the lower the familiarity of the personnel with the building,the earlier the evacuation bottleneck occurs;When the evacuation process has an evacuation bottleneck,the OPS and MNS values are controlled by the evacuation bottleneck.When the building density is low,the OPS and MNS values are greatly affected by the distribution of personnel;when most people only understand and choose the main exit evacuation,improve the performance of the secondary exit and the building evacuation components on its path have no significant influence on the overall evacuation performance.In the case of evacuation under guidance,the evacuation efficiency is greatly improved.While the evcaustion strategy is formulated,the influence by evacuation bottleneck cannot be ignored.