听神经病及亚型听突触病:声音编码与突触研究进展

Auditory Neuropathy and Subtype Auditory Synaptopathy:Progress in Hair Cell Sound Coding and Synaptic Research

听神经病及亚型听突触病是目前耳科学领域国际研究的难点和热点。随着听神经病在遗传学、生理学、分子细胞学以及动物模型的深入研究,逐渐明确并定义听突触病是听神经病中的一个亚型,进一步认识到突触在听神经的神经传导和声音编码中的重要作用,对听神经病及亚型听突触病的发病机制有了更加清晰的认识。本文总结国内外听神经病及亚型听突触病的最新研究进展,综述目前与其相关密切的毛细胞声音编码和突触功能研究进展的部分内容,便于更好的理解听神经病及其亚型听突触病,为临床精准的分子分型诊断干预提供理论依据。

Auditory neuropathy and subtype auditory synaptopathy are the difficulties and hot spots in international research in the field of otology.With the in-depth study of genetics,physiology,molecular cytology and animal models of auditory neuropathy,it has gradually become clarified and defined that auditory synaptopathy is a subtype of auditory neuropathy.The critical role of synapses in the nerve conduction and sound coding of the auditory nerve has been further recognized,and clearer understanding of the pathogenesis of auditory neuropathy and subtype auditory synaptopathy has been achieved.This paper summarized the up-to-date research progress on auditory neuropathy and subtype auditory synaptopathy nationally and internationally,as well as some of the recent research progress on sound coding and synaptic function of hair cell which is closely related to it,so as to achieve better understanding of auditory neuropathy and subtype auditory synaptopathy,and to provide theoretica.