盐碱胁迫对水稻稻壳和籽粒中矿质元素含量的影响

Effects of saline-alkaline stress on mineral element contents in rice husk and grain

矿质离子对人体有重要作用,但只能通过食物摄入,不能在体内合成。盐碱胁迫会影响水稻对矿质离子的吸收。在盐碱地广泛种稻治碱和选育吸收更多矿质离子的品种的背景下,本研究选用4个适合当地气候的水稻品种即吉农大511、松粳14、龙稻11及松粳12,分别种植在盐碱和非盐碱土壤上,研究了苏打盐碱胁迫对水稻籽粒中K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn和Zn元素吸收的影响及矿质元素之间的相关关系。结果表明,7种元素在4个水稻品种的籽粒中的含量排序均为:稻壳>糙米>精米;与非盐碱比,盐碱胁迫显著促进了水稻籽粒对Na的吸收,K、Mg有所增加但变化不显著,显著降低了Ca、Fe、Mn和Zn的吸收;且显著增强了"龙稻11"的糙米和精米中Na的含量;盐碱胁迫显著降低了稻壳对Ca、Mn的吸收,但增加了糙米中Ca的吸收;盐碱胁迫下Fe和Mn在糙米和精米中含量无显著差异;盐碱胁迫增加了精米对Na和Ca的吸收,减少了对Fe、Mn和Zn的吸收;盐碱胁迫影响水稻籽粒中离子间相关关系,非盐碱胁迫下,精米中Zn和Ca呈显著正相关关系;而盐碱胁迫下,Mg和Fe呈显著正相关关系,Mg和Na呈显著负相关关系。

Mineral ions are important to human bodies but only through food intake rather than in vivo synthesis.Saline-alkaline stress affects the absorption of mineral ions in rice.To meet the requirements of widely planting rice in saline-alkaline soil and breeding rice varieties with more mineral ions,we selected four rice varieties(Jinongda 511,Songjing 14,Longdao 11,Songjing 12)suitable for local climate to study the effects of saline-alkaline stress on K,Na,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn and Zn uptakes in rice grains as well as the correlation between mineral elements.The results showed that the contents of the seven elements in the grains of four rice varieties was in an order of rice husk >brown rice >white rice,respectively.Compared with non-stress treatment,saline-alkaline stress significantly promoted the Na absorption of rice grains,and significantly enhanced the Na absorption of brown rice and white rice of"Longdao 11",respectively.The contents of K and Mg increased slightly but not significantly.The absorption of Ca,Fe,Mn and Zn was significantly decreased.Saline-alkaline stress significantly reduced the absorption of Ca and Mn by rice husk,but increased the absorption of Ca by brown rice.There was no significant difference in the content of Fe and Mn in brown rice and white rice with saline-alkaline stress.Saline-alkaline stress increased the absorption of Na and Ca in the white rice,while decreased the absorption of Fe,Mn and Zn.The correlations between mineral elements in rice grains were affected by saline-alkaline stress.There was a significant positive correlation between Zn and Ca in the white rice with non-stress;there was a significant positive correlation between Mg and Fe,while a significant negative correlation between Mg and Na in the white rice with saline-alkaline stress.