“小房子”的价值隐喻:自然、文明与儿童学习——“城市小农夫田园课程”的教育文化哲思

Value Metaphor of “Little House”: Nature, Civilization and Children's Learning

《小房子》绘本折射出了"传统教育"与"现代教育"的一种价值紧张和冲突,由此审视现代城市学校中出现的"田园课程",就会导向"自然"和"文明"两个维度的价值审视。"田园课程"中体现的"自然",既包含"环境自然",也包含"主体自然",这两个自然的价值内涵其实是连接整合的。"田园课程"中体现的"文明",既包含"中国文明",也内蕴"西方文明",这两种文明的价值都需要容纳于对自然的审视之中。基于"自然"和"文明"两个维度的价值解析,我们需要从"自然—体验化学习""科学—理性化学习""文化—比较化学习"三个要素来设计面向"田园课程"的儿童学习。

The picture book of Little House refl ects the tension and confl ict in values between traditional and modern education, and from the angle we can take a look at the pastoral curriculum in modern city schools, which can lead to two dimensions of value examination: nature and civilization.“Nature” presented in “pastoral curriculum” contains both “environment nature” and “subject nature”, which have connected and integrated connotations of values.“Civilization” presented in “pastoral curriculum” contains “western civilization” and “Chinese civilization”, which need to be in harmony with the examining of nature. Based on the value analysis of nature and civilization, we need to design children’s learning oriented to “pastoral curriculum” from three elements of “nature-experiencing learning”,“science-rational learning”, and “culture-comparative learning”.