全球海洋治理背景下对蓝色伙伴关系的思考

The Blue Partnership in the Context of Global Ocean Governance

本文从全球海洋治理供给现状入手,结合治理困境和挑战,基于伙伴关系的发展历程和特点,分析蓝色伙伴关系及相关海洋合作伙伴关系对全球海洋治理的贡献。当前,全球海洋治理面临来自生态环境恶化、人类用海强度增加和气候变化影响加剧的严峻挑战,受到不利国际政治环境的影响,治理能力和水平无法匹配不断增长的治理需求。面对复杂的治理问题和碎片化的治理行动,伙伴关系,作为一种新型治理模式,成为构建国际、区域、国家、地方多层级联动的,政府、非政府主体积极互动的一体化海洋治理的关键途径,是补充、联合和加强政府主体责任和政府间主体责任的重要手段。中国政府提出的蓝色伙伴关系倡议,具有开放包容、具体务实和互利共赢的特点,符合国际可持续发展潮流,与全球发展纲领文件《变革我们的世界:2030年可持续发展议程》的理念和精神高度契合。构建蓝色伙伴关系是在海洋这一全球治理的具体领域践行构建全方位伙伴关系总体思路的有力举措,也是促进在海洋领域落实联合国可持续发展目标,推进全球海洋治理联合行动的重要途径。

The paper aims to identify the contribution of The Blue Partnership and related marine partnerships to global ocean governance based on a brief analysis of the challenges faced by global ocean governance as well as the history and characteristics of these partnerships.At present,accelerating environmental degradation,increasing human activities and intensifying climate change impacts are severe challenges faced by existing governance regime.Moreover,the efforts on enhancing global ocean governance is restricted by unfavorable international political environment and increasing governing complexity caused by decentralized governance entities and fragmented governance actions.In such a context,partnership,as a new type of governance model,would be a key approach to realize integrated ocean governance by coordinating governmental and non-governmental entities in multiple levels and as an important method to supplement,consolidate and reinforce governmental and intergovernmental governing responsibility.The Blue Partnership Initiative proposed by the Chinese government is characterized by open and inclusive,concrete and pragmatic,and mutual beneficial,which is highly consistent with the spirit of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.The establishment of The Blue Partnership is an important measure to implement the general framework of building all-round partnership in field of international ocean governance and a key facilitator to implement United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and promote collective actions on strengthening global ocean governance.