美国社区学院教师分类管理制度——源自美国圣路易斯社区学院的经验

The Teacher Classified Management System of American Applied Technical Colleges:A Case Study of St.Louis Community College

高校教师分类管理在本质上就是高校管理主体依照一定的管理制度和规范,对专任教师进行差异化管理的实践活动。美国圣路易斯社区学院的教师分类管理制度由以"教学"为中心的教师分类聘任制度、以"规范"为特征的教师分类调配制度、以"学术交流"为主轴的教师分类培训制度、以"全职教师"为核心的教师分类薪酬制度、以"学校职能"为标准的教师分类考核制度和以"严谨人性"为特性的教师分类退出制度等六个方面构成。其经验启示中国应用技术性院校应注重教师分类管理与学校发展阶段相适应;构建完备的教师分类管理制度体系;强调服务意识;引入竞争机制;改善教师薪酬待遇;尊重教师个体差异并加强校内外教师合作交流。

Under certain regulatory regimes,teacher classification management is,in essence,a sort of practice of colleges and universities to promote differentiated management.This paper picks one typical community college in America,analyzing and learning from its teacher classification management.Teacher classification management of St.Louis Community College consists of six aspects:the classified recruitment system with"teaching"as the center,the classified allocation system with"standard"as the center,the classified cultivation system with"academic exchange"as the center,the classified compensation system with"full-time faculty"as the center,the classified evaluation system with"function"as the center and the classified withdrawal system with"preciseness and humanization"as the center.Through the analysis,the paper concludes that the development of faculty classification management in domestic technical colleges should be consistent with the stage of college development to construct a mature management system.Besides,domestic technical colleges should emphasize service consciousness,introduce competition mechanism,improve teacher's compensation,respect teacher's individual differences and strengthen cooperation on and off campus.