三峡库区生态环境与经济协调发展时空演变特征

Temporal-spatial Characteristics of Coordinative Developmen tbetween the Ecological and Economic Systems in the ThreeGorges Reservoir Area

基于土地利用/覆被数据、生态系统服务价值和区域经济发展数据,通过构建年度经济环境协调度指数(Year of Economy-Environmental Harmonize,YEEH)和经济环境协调度变化指数(Economy-Environmental Harmonize Change,EEHC)模型,定量计算了三峡库区的基于行政区划的26个计算单元的生态环境和经济协调发展程度,并对其时空变化特征进行了分析,揭示了三峡库区协调发展程度时空演变的驱动因素及其作用规律。基于YEEH指数将经济与生态环境系统协调情况划分为高度恶化区、恶化区、恶化协调过渡区和协调区4个等级。在1995—2010年每隔5年4个时段,整个三峡库区的经济与生态环境协调发展程度在增加。区域经济发展的开放性和辐射性在增强,相邻地区经济增长的依存度逐步提高。EEHC的时空变化表明,经济与生态环境处于协调状态的地区在扩大,同时该区域的经济增长可能正在承受越来越大的生态环境压力。生态环境与经济协调发展的空间分布状态从起始的低于均值聚集模式发展变化到2010年的高—低两种聚集模式共同分布,协调程度时空变化的不规律性是土地覆盖变化的复杂性导致的。2010年协调度空间变化的规律性,缘于区域经济快速发展成为协调度变化的主导驱动因素,以及人类活动对大面积的土地利用/覆盖变化驱动作用的减少。结果表明区域经济发展、基础设施、区域开发及海拔条件与其作用的土地利用/覆盖有着复杂的非线性关系。研究为指导推动三峡库区乃至长江经济带高质量发展提供科学依据。

Based on the data of land use/cover,eco-service value and Gross Domestic Product(GDP)from 26 administrative units in the Three Gorges Reservoir area during 1995,2000,2005 and 2010,this study used the Year of Economy-Environmental Harmonize(YEEH)and Economy-Environmental Harmonize Change(EEHC)models to evaluate the spatial and temporal characteristics of the distribution and coordinative relationship between the eco-environment and the economy,and to uncover the mechanism of the evolutions.Using YEEH models,four types of ecoenvironment evolution were identified,namely,high degradation zone,degradation zone,degradation and coordination tranistion zone,coordination zone.The results show that the coordination between the eco-environment and the economy continuously improved in the four time periods.The dependent ratio of neighboring regions economy is increasing.According to the spatial and temporal distribution of EEHC,the areas of coordinative development between economy and eco-environment are expanding.The spatial distribution of coordination between aconomy and eco-environment appeared as a aggregated model and its value is lower than the average in 1995.However,it developed to both high and low aggregation patterns in 2010.For 1995-2005,regular spatial changes of the coordinative degree were not apparent because of the changes in land use/cover.For 2010,there existed regular spatial changes of the coordinative degree due to the regional economic development and reduction of human impact on land use/cover.Based on Getis-Ord Givalue distribution of the EEHC,there are very complex nonlinear relations among the regional economy,infrastructure construction,altitude with land use/cover.The study is of significance to promote the eco-economic development of high quality in the Three Gorges Reservoir area and the Yangtze River Economic Belt.