长江流域省区用水总量与用水效率控制评估

Assessment on total water consumption and water use efficiency in 19 provinces and regions of Yangtze River Basin

在全球气候变化和大规模经济开发双重因素的交织作用下,我国水资源情势日趋严峻。因此,国家出台了系列的法律、政策和规范,从用水总量和用水效率两个方面加强水资源管理。在建立用水总量与用水效率控制评价指标的基础上,以国家水资源公报发布数据为2个依据,对长江流域相关19个省区2016年的用水总量与用水效率的落实情况进行了评估。评估结果表明:(1)江苏和安徽两省未能完成用水总量控制目标,主要是由于其工业用水效率较低所致;(2)江苏和甘肃2个省未能完成万元工业增加值用水量这一用水效率控制指标;(3)所有省区的农田灌溉水的有效利用系数均达到了国家要求;(4)在长江流域相关19个省区中,共有16个省区同时完成了用水总量与用水效率的控制目标,占总数的84.21%。

Owing to the influence of global climate change and large-scale economic development,the situation of water resources is becoming more and more serious in China.Therefore,the government has released a series of laws,policies and standard to strengthen water resources management from the aspects of total water consumption and water use efficiency.On the basis of building the evaluation index of water consumption and water efficiency control,using the data published by the State Water Bulletin,this paper evaluates the total water consumption and water use efficiency of 19 provinces and regions in the Yangtze River Basin in 2016.The results showed that Jiangsu and Anhui Provinces failed to control total water consumption due to the low efficiency of industrial water use.Jiangsu and Gansu Provinces failed to complete the water use efficiency control index in term of ten thousand yuan industrial added value water consumption.The effective utilization coefficient of farmland irrigation water in 19 provinces and regions are all up to the national requirements.16 provinces and regions simultaneously completed the water consumption and water efficiency control targets,accounting for 84.21%of the 19 provinces and regions.