自噬在角膜病中的作用及调节自噬的潜在治疗效果

The role of autophagy and potential therapeutic effect of autophagy regulation in cornea diseases

自噬是由溶酶体介导的降解受损蛋白质或衰老细胞器的代谢过程,对维持细胞内环境稳定、实现细胞自身代谢及循环更新具有重要作用。近年来的研究表明,自噬与许多眼部疾病,包括白内障、青光眼、视网膜脱离、糖尿病视网膜病变和年龄相关性黄斑变性等的发生和发展密切相关。在颗粒状角膜营养不良2型(GCD2)、Fuchs角膜内皮营养不良(FECD)、角膜炎、圆锥角膜(KC)、角膜损伤及修复、干眼等角膜病中,自噬紊乱会影响角膜的透明性,甚至致盲,调节自噬活性可能成为治疗角膜病的研究热点之一。本文就自噬在角膜病中的作用及调节自噬的潜在治疗效果进行综述。

Autophagy is a metabolic process of lysosomal-mediated degradation of damaged proteins or aging organelles,which plays an important role in maintaining the stability of intracellular environment and achieving cell metabolism and circulation.Recent studies have shown that autophagy is closely related to the development of many ocular diseases,including cataract,glaucoma,retinal detachment,diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration.In keratopathy,including granular corneal dystrophy type 2(GCD2),Fuchs corneal endothelium dystrophy(FECD),keratitis,keratoconus(KC),corneal injury and repair,dry eye and so on,autophagic disorder can affect corneal transparency,and even lead to blindness.Regulating autophagic activity may be one of the hotspots in the study of corneal disease.This article reviews the role of autophagy and the potential therapeutic effect of autophagy regulation in cornea diseases.