Wnt信号传导通路在视网膜发育及视网膜疾病中的作用及其机制

The function and potential mechanism of the Wnt signaling pathway in retina development and retinal diseases

Wnt信号传导通路在胚胎发育及生命体成长过程中起关键调控作用,参与维持诸多组织及器官的正常生理功能。多种疾病的发生和发展过程中涉及Wnt信号通路的异常激活或抑制。在视网膜的发育过程中,Wnt信号通路参与调节视网膜区的形成、视网膜层次结构的维持以及视网膜祖细胞干细胞特性的保持,并且还与视网膜血管的发育过程密切相关。部分视网膜疾病的发生和发展过程也有Wnt信号通路的参与,例如家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变、年龄相关性黄斑变性、视网膜母细胞瘤及糖尿病视网膜病变等。本文就目前发现的Wnt信号通路在视网膜发育及部分视网膜疾病发生和发展过程中的作用和可能机制的研究进展进行综述。

Wnt signaling pathway plays a key role in regulating embryonic development and organism growth,which maintains normal physiological function of many tissues and organs.A variety of diseases involve the abnormal activation or inhibition of Wnt signaling pathway.At the stage of retinal development,Wnt signaling pathway is implicated in regulating the formation of retinal field,the maintenance of retinal lamination and the sustentation of retinal stem cell properties,moreover,it is closely related to the development of retinal vessels.Wnt signaling pathway is associated with the development and progression of some retinal diseases,such as familial exudative vitreoretinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,retinoblastoma and diabetic retinopathy.The function and potential mechanism of the Wnt signaling pathway in retina development and retinal diseases were summarized in this review.