燃烧后CO_2捕获技术研究进展

Research Progress of Post-combustion CO_2 Capture Technology

随着人类社会的快速发展,大量化石燃料被消耗,致使CO2的排放日益加剧,加重了温室效应,致使全球气候变暖。探究发展具有商用前景的CO2捕获技术和资源化利用技术(CCUS),不但可以减少大气中CO2的排放量,降低大量排放CO2所造成的环境问题。本文有针对性的对燃烧后碳捕获技术进行了综合评述,指出燃烧后捕获技术更适合整合于传统燃烧流程中,其技术成熟度更接近商业化生产。其中燃烧后CO2捕获技术可以分为以下五类:物理吸收法、化学吸收法、吸附法、膜分离法还有低温分离法等分离方法。物理吸附方法由于其吸收容量存在上限,使得其在工业上应用受到一定的限制。相比较而言化学吸收方法具有更快的吸收速率、吸收容量,这使其在二氧化碳捕获领域广泛地应用。

With the rapid development of human society,a large number of fossil fuels are consumed,resulting in increasing CO2 emissions,aggravating the greenhouse effect and causing global warming.Exploring and developing CO2 capture technology and Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage(CCUS)with commercial prospects can not only reduce CO2 emissions in the atmosphere,but also reduce environmental problems caused by a large amount of CO2 emissions.This paper gives a comprehensive review of post-combustion carbon capture technology.This paper gives a comprehensive review of post-combustion carbon capture technology,and points out that post-combustion carbon capture technology is more suitable for integration into traditional combustion processes and its technology maturity is closer to commercial production.The post-combustion CO2 Capture.Technology can be divided into the following five categories:physical absorption method,chemical absorption method,adsorption method,membrane separation method and low temperature separation method.The physical adsorption method is limited in its industrial application due to its upper limit of absorption capacity.In comparison,the chemical absorption method has faster absorption rate and larger absorption capacity,which makes it widely used in the field of carbon dioxide capture.