脑源性神经因子在慢性疼痛中的研究进展

Research progress on regarding brain-derived neurotrophic factors in chronic pain

慢性疼痛是严重影响人们身心健康的疾病之一,影响全球数百万人的生活质量。但其病因多种,发病机制复杂,可能由多种途径共同作用。临床上现有治疗手段及药物都仅对其中1种或多种途径作用或仅仅对症治疗,因而都存在一些弊端,不能达到理想的治疗效果,因此对慢性疼痛的发病机制研究变得尤其重要。近年研究发现,脑源性神经因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)参与慢性疼痛发病的多种途径,在慢性疼痛中发挥促痛觉传递作用,BDNF及其受体有可能成为慢性疼痛治疗的重要靶点。本文就BDNF参与慢性疼痛中的神经病理痛、炎症痛、癌症痛和口腔颌面部疼痛的分子机制研究进展做一综述,文献综述结果表明,在慢性疼痛中,BDNF在初级感觉神经节和脊髓背角等部位的神经元表达显著增加,揭示BDNF可能与慢性疼痛发病机制密切相关,可能会成为慢性疼痛治疗的新方向。

Chronic pain is a disease that seriously affects people's physical and mental health and affects the quality of life of millions of people worldwide.It can have multiple etiologies and a complex pathogenesis,and it generally requires a combination approach.Current clinical treatments and drugs address only a limited number of these pathways or only provide symptomatic treatment,which presents some drawbacks and cannot achieve the ideal therapeutic effect.Thus,research on the pathogenesis of chronic pain is especially important.Recent studies have found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)is involved in the pathogenesis of various chronic pain pathways that play a role in promoting pain transmission in chronic pain.Therefore,BDNF and its receptors may become important targets in the treatment of chronic pain.This paper reviews the research progress regarding the molecular mechanism of BDNF in chronic neuropathic pain,inflammatory pain,cancer pain and oral and maxillofacial pain and aims to provide a theoretical basis for further research into and prevention methods for chronic pain.The literature review showed that in chronic pain,the expression of BDNF in the primary sensory ganglia and spinal dorsal horn was significantly increased,revealing that BDNF may be closely related to the mechanism of chronic pain and may represent a new treatment direction.