完全混合发酵日粮对延边黄牛生长性能、肉品质及肉抗氧化指标的影响

Effects of total mixed fermentation on growth performance, meat quality and antioxidant index of Yanbian yellow cattle

试验旨在研究完全混合发酵日粮(TMF)对延边黄牛生长性能、肉品质及抗氧化性能的影响。选取12头健康无病的18月龄的延边黄牛公牛,平均体重为(395±10)kg,随机分为2组,每组6个重复。对照组饲喂未发酵的试验日粮,试验组饲喂混合发酵饲料,试验期为400 d。结果表明:30月龄时,与对照组相比,试验组的体重提高了8.72%(P<0.05),试验组的料重比降低了31.06%(P<0.01),而试验组的平均日增重均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组的粗脂肪值显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而两组之间水分、灰分和粗蛋白含量差异均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组的b*值提高了54.18%(P<0.05),MFI值提高了18.74%(P<0.01),剪切力降低了25.18%(P<0.01),而对照组与试验组的L*值与a*值不存在显著性差异(P>0.05)。宰后72、96、120 h,试验组与对照组的牛肉过氧化氢酶(CAT)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)均差异极显著(P<0.01);宰后72、96 h,试验组牛肉中的丙二醛(MDA)含量均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01);宰后120 h,试验组牛肉的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。由此可以说明试验组牛肉的抗氧化能力高于对照组。综上所述,TMF可以提高延边黄牛的生长性能、肉品质与抗氧化能力。

The research was aimed to study the effects of TMF on the growth performance,meat quality and antioxidant properties of Yanbian yellow cattle.A total of twelve 18-month-old,disease-free Yanbian cattle with an average weight of(395±10)kg were randomly divided into 2 groups with 6 replicates in each group.The control group was fed the unfermented experimental diet,and the experimental group was fed the total mixed fermented feed.The experimental period was 400 days.The results showed that:at 30 months of age,compared with the control group,the body weight of the experimental group increased by 8.72%(P<0.05),and the feed-to-weight ratio of the test group decreased by 31.06%(P<0.01),and the average daily gain of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The crude fat value of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),the moisture,ash and crude fat content had no significant difference between the two groups(P >0.05).Compared with the control group,the b*value of the experimental group increased by 54.18%(P<0.05),the MFI value increased by 18.74%(P<0.01),and the shear force decreased by 25.18%(P<0.01).There was no significant difference between the L*value and the a*value of the experimental group(P >0.05).At 72 h,96 h and 120 h after slaughter,there were significant difference in catalase(CAT)and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)between the experimental group and the control group(P<0.01).The content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 72 h and 96 h post-mortem(P<0.01).After 120 h slaughter,the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).It can be demonstrated that the antioxidant capacity of the experimental group is higher than that of the control group.In conclusion,TMF can improve the growth performance,meat quality and antioxidant capacity of Yanbian yellow cattle.