28个农药产品推荐剂量对西瓜噬酸菌的抑制活性

Inhibition activities of 28 bactericides to Acidovorax citrulli

西瓜噬酸菌(Acidovorax citrulli,简称Ac)引起的西瓜细菌性果斑病(Bacterial Fruit Blotch,简称BFB)是西瓜和甜瓜生产上重要的毁灭性种传细菌病害。一旦发病,用于该病害防治的有效药剂的选择就极为重要。为了筛选出高防效药剂,笔者采用抑菌圈法测定了乙酸素等28个农药产品的推荐剂量对2株西瓜噬酸菌的抑制活性。试验结果表明,供试药剂0.3%四霉素AS稀释30倍液和50倍液、30%乙蒜素EC 500倍液和700倍液、80%乙蒜素EC 1 500倍液和1 800倍液对供试菌株AacJ-N和Aac7500的抑菌活性较好,抑菌圈直径均在15 mm以上;46%氢氧化铜WG 700倍液和1 000倍液、53.8%氢氧化铜WG 500倍液和600倍液、20%溴硝醇WP 1 000倍液和1 500倍液、2%春雷·45%王铜WP(江门植保)470倍液和750倍液、3%噻霉酮ME 360倍液对供试菌株AacJ-N和Aac7500的抑菌圈直径在10～15 mm;其余供试药剂在试验剂量下均无抑菌作用。不同菌株对相同药剂同一浓度的敏感性存在差异。

Bacterial fruit blotch caused by Acidovorax citrulli is a destructive disease of watermelon and melon. The selection of the control agents is very important when once it occurred. In order to screen out high efficiency control agent, the inhibitory effect of 28 reagents against two A. citrulli strains was determined by using inhibitory halo method. The inhibitory haloes of 30- and 50-fold dilution of 0.3% Tetramycin AS,500-and 700-fold dilution of 30% Ethylicin AS, 1 500 and 1 800-fold dilution of 80% Ethylicin were above 15 mm against strains AacJ-N and Aac7500. The inhibitory haloes of 700- and 1 000-fold dilution of 46% Sodium hydroxide WG, 500- and 600-fold dilution of 53.8% Sodium hydroxide WG, 1 000- and 1 500-fold dilutions of 20% Bronopo WPl, 470- and 750-fold dilutions of 2% kasugamycin·45% Copper(Ⅱ) busic chloride WP(Jiangmen plant protection Co., Ltd.), 360- fold dilution of 3% benziothiazolinone ME were ranged from 10-15 mm against strains AacJ-N and Aac7500, while rest of the tested reagents did not show any inhibitory effects. Additionally, the two strains showed different resistance to the same reagent at same concentration.