GIS辅助下的我国跨境动物疫病区域化管理新探索

A New Exploration on GIS-Based Regionalization Management of Cross-border Animal Diseases in China

我国周边地区动物疫情复杂,动物走私严重威胁着我国畜牧业和公共卫生安全,而以地理信息系统(GIS)辅助下的区域化管理是破解我国与周边国家跨境动物疫病防控难题的重要措施。区域化管理采用"4+2"模式,即国外4层管理、国内2层管理。国外4层管理包括集中饲养场、缓冲区、无疫区、出口隔离场管理;国内2层管理包括入境隔离场、指定屠宰场管理。目前已建成了老挝屠宰牛项目、蒙古国屠宰羊项目,而缅甸屠宰牛项目、吉尔吉斯斯坦口蹄疫无疫区建设合作项目正在建设中。随着跨境动物疫病区域化建设的不断推进,国门的生物安全将得到进一步加强,GIS技术应用将更加充分,这种管理新模式必将受到更多国家的积极响应。

As the situation of animal disease prevention and control in the neighboring areas of China is complex, animal smuggling has posed a grave threat to animal husbandry and public health security.Regionalization management,which is assisted by Geographic Information System(GIS),in response,serves as an important tool to prevent and control the spreading of such animal diseases.For the regionalization management,“4+2”mode is adopted.That is,4-tiered management outside China and 2 inside China have been carried out.The former includes management in the scale farms,buffering zones,disease-free zones and export quarantine zones,and the latter includes management in import quarantine zones and designated slaughter houses.To date,cattle slaughtering project in Laos and sheep slaughtering project in Mongolia have been built,and cattle slaughtering project in Myanmar and FMD-free area in Kyrgyzstan are under construction.As the regionalization constructions are progressing,the biosecurity across border of China will be further strengthened,the GIS technology will be applied in a wider scope,and the new management mode will be welcomed by more countries.