几种抗球虫药物对獭兔球虫感染和幼兔生长性能的影响

Effects of several anti-coccidial drugs on coccidial infection and growth performance of young rex rabbits

在福建省福安市某獭兔场共检测出16种艾美耳球虫,均为混合感染。选取210只断乳1周、球虫卵囊阳性的獭兔幼兔,随机分为7组,进行抗球虫药物试验。在抗球虫药物试验组中,2.5%妥曲珠利组的獭兔幼兔按有效剂量30 mg/kg体重、5%肠球双效(盐酸氨丙啉+胺喹噁啉钠)组和5%优球乐(癸氧喹酯)组按有效剂量50 mg/kg体重灌服,分为1次用药组和2次用药组;对照组灌服等量生理盐水。结果显示,妥曲珠利组獭兔幼兔用药后第1周,粪便中的球虫卵囊数(OPG值)比用药前减少78.39%,也显著低于其他药物组和对照组(P<0.01);用药后第2周,球虫OPG值比用药前减少88.35%,感染率也降至最低;用药后第8周,粪便中球虫OPG值比用药前减少92.99%。至用药后第8周,各试验组与对照组獭兔幼兔球虫OPG值均转归为相对较低水平,感染率则仍保持较高水平;妥曲珠利组獭兔幼兔死亡率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),其他组间死亡率差异不显著;其平均增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),料重比则显著低于对照组(P<0.05)、极显著低于5%肠球双效1次用药组(P<0.01)。

16 species of Eimeria were detected in a rex rabbits farm in Fu'an,Fujian province,all of which were mixed infections.210 young rex rabbits weaned for one week and positive for coccidial oocyst were randomly divided into 7 groups for anti-coccidial drugs test.In the anti-coccidial drug test groups,the rex rabbits in the 2.5% toltrazuril group were fed with effective dose of 30 mg/kg body weight,5% Amprolium hydrochloride and sulfaquioxaline sodium soluble powder,5% Decoquinate premix at effective dose of 50 mg/kg body weight;the control group was fed with the same amount of saline.Each drug group were divided into single-dose group and repeated dose group respectively.The results showed that the count of oocysts per gram(OPG)in the faeces of young rex rabbits in the toltrazuril group decreased by 78.39% in the first week after administration,which was also significantly lower than that of other drug groups and control groups(P<0.01).The OPG counts of the toltrazuril group decreased 88.35% in the second week after treatment,and the infection rate also decreased to the lowest level.The OPG counts of the toltrazuril group in faeces decreased 92.99% in the eighth week after treatment.At the 8th week after treatment,the OPG counts of all groups were reduced to a relatively low level,while the infection rate remained at a relatively high level.The mortality of young rex rabbits in the toltrazuril group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the other groups.The average weight gain of the toltrazuril group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),while the ratio of feed to weight was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05)and the 5% double-effect group(P<0.01).