直流式旋流分离器的结构分析与优化

Structure Analysis and Optimization of Uniflow Cyclone Separator

为研究中心体对直流式旋流分离器分离性能的影响,通过在分离器内部设置中心体,利用数值模拟的方法,对分离器内部旋流场、压力场、速度场及分离效率进行了分析。分析结果表明:增设中心体能够占据分离器内部分离死区,增强内部流场的稳定性,减少二次涡流的影响,尤其能够提高对微小液滴的分离效率;中心体直径的增大能够提高分离器的分离效率,当中心体直径与筒体直径比值大于0. 5时,液滴的分离效率显著提高,但也会造成较大的压降损失;通过研究不同气速下分离器分离效率与压降变化的规律,提出不同工况下中心体直径的取值范围,当入口气速高于10 m/s时,中心体直径与筒体直径比值取0. 5,当气速较低时,应结合现场工况对分离效率和压降的要求,增大中心体直径。所得结论可为直流式旋流分离器的优化设计及现场应用提供指导。

To study the influence of the central body on the separation performance of the uniflow cyclone separator, by setting the center body inside the separator, the cyclone field, pressure field, velocity field and separation efficiency of the separator are analyzed using numerical simulation method. The analysis results show that the addition of the central body can occupy the separation dead zone inside the separator, enhance the stability of the internal flow field, reduce the influence of the secondary eddy current, and especially improve the separation efficiency of the tiny droplets. The proper increase of the central body diameter could improve the separation efficiency. When the ratio of the central body diameter to the cylinder diameter is larger than 0.5, the separation efficiency of the droplets could be significantly improved, but a large pressure drop loss could be observed. By studying the separation efficiency and pressure drop of the separator at different gas velocities, the range of the central body diameter under different working conditions is proposed. When the inlet gas velocity is higher than 10 m/s, the ratio of the central body diameter to the cylinder diameter is recommended to be 0.5. When the gas velocity is lower, on-site condition’ s requirements on separation efficiency and pressure drop should be considered to increase the central body diameter. The study can provide guidance for the optimal design and field application of the uniflow cyclone separator.