沈阳市大气PM_(2.5)中多环芳烃的污染特征及来源解析

Characteristics and Source Apportionment of PAHs in Atmospheric Particles PM_(2.5) in Shenyang

采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪定量分析2016年沈阳市PM_(2.5)中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的质量浓度,探讨其时空分布特征,并解析PAHs的来源。结果表明:沈阳市PAHs的平均质量浓度为71. 5 ng/m3,其中3环、4环PAHs分别占31. 3%和48. 8%;采暖期PAHs浓度明显高于非采暖期,中心城区高于周边。总毒性当量浓度平均值为8. 05 ng/m3。特征比值法和主成分分析法解析的PAHs来源基本一致,主要为燃烧源、石油挥发源和工业生产源,贡献率分别为70. 11%、14. 19%和10. 74%。

The mass concentration of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM2.5 in Shenyang during 2016 was quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The spatiotemporal distribution characteristic and the sources of PAHs were discussed. The results showed that the average mass concentration of PAHs was 71.5 ng/m^3 . 3-ring and 4-ring PAHs accounted for 31.3% and 48.8%, respectively. The concentration of PAHs in heating period was significantly greater than that in non-heating season. In the central urban area, the concentration was higher than that in surrounding area. The average of total toxicity equivalent concentration was 8.05 ng/m^3 . The results of source apportionment by characteristic ratio method and principal component analysis were basically the same. Combustion, oil volatilization and industrial production were the main sources with the contribution rate of 70.11%, 14.19% and 10.74%, respectively.