基于社会力模型的教室内地震疏散仿真

Earthquake Evacuation Simulation in a Classroom Based on Social Force Model

模拟地震灾害下人员疏散,可以为地震疏散提供理论依据,减少地震人员伤亡。根据2013年雅安7. 0级地震发生时,名山中学某一教室的逃生录像,在社会力模型的基础上引入恐慌因子和各向异性因子,建立了改进的社会力疏散模型;并利用布谷鸟算法对疏散模型的参数进行优化。地震疏散模拟结果与实际的逃生录像对比分析表明:改进的社会力疏散模型可以真实反映地震情况下教室内人员疏散过程,包括人员疏散时间和人员在不同时刻的位置分布,对地震疏散的研究具有重要价值和意义。疏散模型的参数优化分析结果表明社会力模型的主要参数均会对人员疏散仿真结果造成影响。

Earthquake pedestrians evacuation simulation is important to provide a theoretical basis for earthquake evacuation and reduce the earthquake casualties.According to a real-life video about classroom evacuation of Mingshan high school in 2013 Ya an earthquake in China,some modifications of the social force model which integrate the effects of pedestrian s psychology and anisotropy on panic are proposed based on the social force model,and cuckoo algorithm is employed to optimize the parameters of the modified social force model.The comparison between the results of earthquake evacuation simulation and the actual evacuation video shows that the modified social force model can truly reflect the evacuation process in the classroom,including the evacuation time and the distribution of pedestrians at different times,which have magnitude value and significance to the research of earthquake evacuation.The results of parameter optimization analysis of the evacuation model show that the parameter of the modified social force model have some influence on the evacuation simulation results.