溶胶-凝胶法制备掺钒ZnO纳米粉

Synthesis of Vanadium Doped ZnO Nanopowder by Sol-Gel Method

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了掺钒(V)(V的原子数分数为2.5%)的ZnO纳米粉体。研究了不同热处理工艺对样品晶体结构和微观形貌的影响。采用X线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对纳米粉体进行了分析。结果表明,热处理温度过低或时间过短都严重影响掺钒ZnO纳米粉的晶体结构,且随着热处理时间的增加,晶粒尺寸变大。XRD显示所有样品的晶体结构均为六方纤锌矿结构及(101)择优。由扫描电镜得到样品的晶粒尺寸为65～138nm。各个工艺的样品中,掺杂均匀,V含量与设计值基本一致,且样品中仅含Zn、V、O 3种元素。

The vanadium-doped ZnO nanopowder (the atomic fraction of V is 2.5%) has been prepared by the Sol-Gel method. The effects of different heat treatment processes on the crystal structure and morphology of the samples were investigated. The nanopowder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the crystal structure of vanadium-doped ZnO nanopowder is seriously affected if the temperature of the heat treatment is too low or the treatment time is too short. In addition, the grain size increases with the increase of heat treatment. The XRD shows that all the samples have hexagonal wurtzite structure and all of which are (101)-preferred orientation. The grain sizes of the sample are in the range of 65~ 138 nm by SEM. In the samples of each process, the doping is uniform, the V content is basically the same as the design value, and the samples contain only three elements of Zn, V and O.