《水浒传》杰克逊译本研究——从布迪厄的“信念”(doxa)谈起

Study of Jackson's translated version of Water Margin——beginning with Bourdieu's doxa

"信念"(doxa)是布迪厄社会学理论工具之一,源自行动者对客观世界的误识(misrecognition),是正统与异端的切分。将布迪厄的"信念"引入翻译研究,可与场域、资本、惯习共同探究译本背后的社会因素;并以此为基础,研究《水浒传》杰克逊译本1963版和2010版背后的社会文化因素。研究发现,翻译场域中的信念,在资本上表现为译者进入目标场域实践的资格,在惯习上表现为译者种族中心主义或尊重多元文化的翻译倾向,在场域上表现为译者对行动者间利害关系的识别;杰克逊受其信念影响,表现出种族中心主义的翻译倾向,打造出通顺晓畅的1963版译本; 2010版译本由爱德文·劳作为编辑,更新人名、称谓与度量衡的翻译,并借用沙博里译本的译名作为副标题;最终译本的背后是多个行动者所持信念的斗争与妥协。

Doxa,one of the conceptual tools in Bourdieu’s sociology,originates from social agent’s misrecognition of the objective world,and can be regarded as the division of orthodoxy and heterodoxy.The introduction of doxa into translation studies might assist the research in the social factors behind the translated text with field,capital and habitus.Then,on the basis of the study,the social and cultural factors behind the translation of Water Margin(1963 version and 2010 version)by J.H.Jackson are examined.The research shows that doxa in the translated field illustrates the qualification of the translator to practice in the target field in terms of capital,his translating tendency to ethnocentrism or cultural diversity from the aspect of habitus and his recognition of power relations between agents on the basis of field.Influenced by his doxa,Jackson produced a smooth and transparent Water Margin(1963 version)under his translating tendency to ethnocentrism.The Water Margin(2010 version)was proofread by Edwin Lowe who updated the translation of personal names,titles and units of measurement,and borrowed the title of Shapiro’s translation of Outlaws of the Marsh as the subtitle.The translated text as the final product is underpinned by the struggle and compromise of agents with different doxa.