温室甜瓜熊蜂授粉采集行为及泌蜜泌粉规律预测研究

Research on greenhouse muskmelon bumblebee pollination behavior and the secretion of nectar and pollen

熊蜂授粉能有效提高甜瓜的坐果率、增加产量和改善品质,而熊蜂的授粉采集行为很大程度上影响着授粉效果。通过观察研究发现:在一天当中,10:00～12:00熊蜂的出归巢数量最高,10:00～11:00之间花朵上可见熊蜂采集的数量最高;熊蜂在早上起棚的前10㏕出勤会呈现3个高峰,从高到低依次为第1㏕、第3㏕和第8㏕;熊蜂在起棚后单次的采集或适应性飞行时间在3㏕～10㏕之间;在一天当中,熊蜂单花有效采集时间最长的是11:00～12:00之间,为15.36s,其次为10:00～11:00和14:00～15:00之间,分别为14.92s和14.81s,从单花有效采集时间可以准确预测当地温室甜瓜泌蜜泌粉规律。

Bumblebee pollination can effectively improve the yield and quality of melon, and the pollination behavior of bumblebee greatly influences the pollination effect. According to the observation, it was found that during the day, the number of bumblebee was the highest in the number of nests from 10:00 to 12:00, and the number of the bees was highest in the flowers between 10:00 and 11:00. Bumblebee in the morning in the first 10㏕ attendance will present three peak, from high to low in turn for 1㏕ , 3㏕ and 8㏕ . Bumblebee in a tent after a single collection or adaptive flight time is between 3㏕ ~10㏕ . Throughout the day, bumblebee single effective acquisition time is the longest between 11:00 and 12:00, 15.36s, followed by 10:00~11:00 and 15:00 PM, between 14.92s and 14.81s, respectively. By single effective acquisition time can we accurately predict the local law of secreting nectar and pollen by greenhouse muskmelon.