空化射流稠油降黏实验系统的设计与实验研究

Design of Experiment System and Experimental Study in Heavy Oil Viscosity Reduction with Cavitation Jet

利用空化射流技术开展了稠油降黏的实验研究。根据实验条件设计研造了空化射流稠油降黏实验系统,并利用该实验系统研究了两种空化喷嘴及空化射流处理次数等参数对稠油降黏效果的影响,分析了稠油在空化射流处理前后黏度发生的变化。结果表明:两种空化喷嘴对稠油的降黏都有一定的作用,稠油黏度随着空化射流处理次数的增加逐渐降低,通过角形和风琴管喷嘴空化处理后,稠油黏度最大降低52 m Pa·s和88 m Pa·s,降黏率分别为13. 33%和18. 49%。实验验证了空化射流技术一定程度上可以改变稠油的性质,实现稠油的降黏,改善稠油的品质,合理运用可成为一种稠油降黏的新方法。

The experimental study of heavy oil viscosity reduction was carried out by using cavitation jet technology.An experimental system for viscosity reduction of heavy oil with cavitation jet was designed and manufacture.The effect of two kinds of cavitation nozzle and cavitation jet treatment numbers on the heavy oil viscosity reduction was studied through the self-designed experimental system and the changes of heavy oil viscosity before and after cavitation jet treatment was analyzed.The experimental results show that two kinds of cavitation nozzle have a certain effect on the viscosity reduction of heavy oil and the viscosity of heavy oil decreases with the increase of cavitation jet treatment numbers.After the treatment of cavitation jet generated by angle cavitation nozzle and organ pipe cavitation jet,the viscosities of heavy oil maximally reduce 52 mPa·s and 88 mPa·s respectively,and the rates of viscosity reduction are 13.33%and 18.94%respectively.The experiment verifies that the cavitation jet technology can change the nature of heavy oil,reduce the viscosity of heavy oil,and improve the quality of heavy oil.It can became a new method of viscosity reduction of heavy oil in reasonable use.