美国土地开发权转让对中国城市发展的启示

Enlightenment of Land Development Right Transfer in the U.S. on Urban Development of China

中国城市在经历了30多年高速发展阶段后逐渐回归理性,城市更新、生态修复日渐提上日程。如何在中国形成一套成熟的土地开发权转让技术体系来适应城市发展趋势,一直是目前城市规划面临的重要课题。美国开发权转让技术在美国已经是一套非常成熟的体系,在保护城市生态、历史街区、建筑等方面对我国有很好的借鉴意义。通过对美国开发权转让技术体系的分析与研究,并结合国内土地发展权转让的现状,对我国土地开发权转让技术体系的建立提出四点建议:一是制定土地开发权转让法律体系,明确法律地位;二是建立完整的市场交易体系;三是政府牵头,明确市场主导地位;四是鼓励全民参与,增加影响力。

After 30-plus years of rapid development,Chinese cities have gradually returned to rationality,and urban renewal and ecological restoration are gradually put on agenda.It has been a key subject in current urban planning that how to form a matured technical system for transferring land development rights in China to adapt to urban development trends.The development right transfer technology has already become a matured system in the U.S.,and China can well learn from the protection of urban ecology,historical blocks,and architectures.By analyzing and researching of the development right transfer technology system in the U.S.and in combination with the current situation of land development right transfer in China,we proposed four pieces of suggestion for establishing China's technical system of land development right transfer:the first is laying down the legal system for land development right transfer so as to clarify the legal status.The second is establishing a complete market trading system;the third is clarifying the dominant position of market led by government;the fourth is encouraging participation by all people and increasing the influence.