黄羽肉鸡青胫性状变化规律及遗传分析

Variation and Genetic Analysis of Green Shank Traits in Yellow Broilers

实验旨在研究遗传与非遗传因素与黄羽肉鸡青胫的关系。选用1日龄黄羽肉鸡1 950只,随机分为全价料、自配料和药物组,饲养至21、45日龄统计青胫比例。翅下静脉采集30只黄羽黄胫和26只黄羽青胫肉鸡血样,并以40只罗曼鸡、15只尼克鸡为黄胫对照,以15只略阳乌鸡为青胫对照,研究黄皮肤基因BCDO2的分布情况及Id位点2个SNP(Id_SNP和B4G_SNP)与青胫的关联性。结果表明:全价料和自配料组青胫比例随日龄的增加而显著降低(P<0.05),但药物组青胫比例变化不明显(P>0.05);21 d时,药物组青胫比例(49.8%)显著低于全价料(55.8%)和自配料组(61.1%)(P<0.05);45 d时,全价料组青胫比例(28.5%)最低。Id_SNP基因型在各群体中的分布差异不显著(P>0.05),但B4G_SNP的AA型只在带有青胫表型的黄羽肉鸡和略阳乌鸡群体中出现。本研究证实日龄、饲料及药物对青胫外显率具有一定影响,这种影响可能通过类胡萝卜素与黄皮肤基因间的互作来实现。

Aims of this study were to elucidate relationship of some genetic and environmental factors and chicken green shank phenotype,which,therefore,forms a foundation for reducing ratio of individuals with green shank in yellow broilers.A total of 1950 day-old chicks were used which were randomly grouped into three groups of complete formula feed(CCF),self-formulating feed(SFF)and florfenicol-supplemented SFF(Flor-SFF).Ratios of green shank in the three groups were respectively recorded in 21 and 45 days.Ratios of green shank significantly(P<0.05)decreased in the CCF and SFF groups as chicks grew.But,the ratio similarly decreased in the Flor-SFF group(P >0.05).On 21 days,the ratio(49.8%)in the Flor-SFF group was significantly(P<0.05)lower than ones in the CCF(55.8%)and SFF(61.1%)groups.But,the ratio(28.5%)in the CCF group is the lowest on 45 days.Genotype of Id_SNP had a similar(P >0.05)distribution across different populations,but distribution of genotype of B4G_SNP significantly(P<0.05)differed between populations with yellow and green shank;as AA genotype of B4G_SNP exclusively appeared in populations with green shank.The data confirm effect of age,feed and medicine on ratio of green shank in the yellow broilers and suggest that these factors may exert a role in changing the ratio by BCDO2-carotenoid intertacting pathway.