库存年份对小麦和水稻种子发芽率及籽粒特性的影响

Effects of Inventory Years on Germination Rate and Grain Characteristics of Wheat and Rice Seeds

测定库存1～10 a小麦、水稻种子的发芽率、水分以及粗蛋白质等指标,明确种质资源库(常温)保存的种质发芽率、籽粒特性与保存时间的关系。结果表明,库存种质发芽率随着保存年份的增加而降低;籽粒水分随保存年份的增加呈升高趋势。品质分析表明,随保存年份的增加小麦硬度呈下降趋势,粗蛋白质含量呈现波浪式升高趋势,湿面筋含量、沉降值均呈缓慢升高趋势;水稻随保存年份的增加籽粒硬度、胶稠度呈下降趋势,粗蛋白质含量呈现波浪式升高趋势,而直链淀粉无明显规律。种质更新周期小麦为8 a、水稻为5 a。

The germination rate, moisture and crude protein of wheat and rice seeds stored for 1 to 10 years were determined, and the relationship between germination rate, grain characteristics and preservation time of germplasm resources stored at normal temperature was clarified. The result showed that the germination rate of stock germplasm decreased with the increase of preservation years, and the moisture content of grain increased with the increase of preservation years. The quality analysis showed that the wheat hardness decreased with the increase of the preservation year,the crude protein content showed a wave-like increase trend,the wet gluten content and the sedimentation value showed a slow upward trend;The grain hardness and gel consistency of rice decreased with the increase of the preservation years. The crude protein content showed a wave-like increase trend,while the amylose had no obvious regularity. The germplasm renewal cycle analysis indicated that wheat was 8 years and rice was 5 years.