工作家庭冲突影响工作满意度的社会性别比较研究

Comparative Study of Gender in Work-family Conflict Affecting Job Satisfaction

基于CGSS2015数据构建回归模型,结合角色冲突理论,从社会性别的视角分析工作家庭冲突的两个方向与工作满意度间的关系。研究发现:工作-家庭冲突对工作满意度呈显著负向影响,且对男性工作者的影响略高于女性工作者,但家庭-工作冲突对工作满意度则不一定产生负向影响;同男性工作者相比,女性工作者的工作满意度受工作家庭冲突的整体影响更大;女性工作者的工作满意度主要受家庭-工作冲突的影响,而男性工作者的工作满意度主要受工作-家庭冲突的影响。预期之外还发现,家庭-工作冲突中"曾为家庭放弃好的工作机会"对女性工作者的工作满意度有正向影响。因此,建议从组织、家庭与个人三个层面加强沟通与理解、通力协作,才能处理好工作与家庭冲突。

Based on CGSS2015 data,a regression model was constructed,and the relationship between family conflicts and job satisfaction was analyzed from a gender perspective.The study finds that:work-family conflicts have a significant negative impact on job satisfaction,and the impact on male workers is slightly higher than female workers,but family-work conflicts do not necessarily have a negative impact on job satisfaction;compared with male workers,female workers’job satisfaction is more affected by work-family conflicts as a whole;female workers’job satisfaction is slightly higher than that of male workers.Family-work conflicts are the main factors affecting job satisfaction of male workers,while work-family conflicts are the main factors affecting job satisfaction of male workers.Beyond expectations,it is also found that family-work conflicts do not always have a negative impact on job satisfaction.Among them,“having given up good job opportunities for families”has a positive impact on women’s job satisfaction.Therefore,it is suggested that communication and understanding should be strengthened and collaboration should be furthered from three levels of organization,family and individual in order to deal with work-family conflicts.