古丁的日语文学翻译:以俄、欧文学的重译为中心

Gu Ding's Japanese Literary Translation: Retranslation of Russian and European Literary Works

古丁一生做了大量的日语文学翻译,文本不限于日本文学,还有俄国、法国、匈牙利等国文学。伪满14年,随着日本帝国主义文化政策的变化,古丁翻译文本的选择、翻译目的等也相应发生变化,基本以卢沟桥事变、珍珠港事件为节点分成三个阶段。俄、欧文学的翻译主要集中在第二阶段。其翻译最主要的目的是为了吸取他国文学精粹以发展自己,这是符合民族协和政策和《艺文指导要纲》要求的。但是,随着帝国主义语言殖民政策的出台,从日语文学到汉语的翻译行为就不再是简单的语言转换,而是一种维护汉语及汉语文化、抵制殖民文化侵略的抗争。古丁的俄、欧文学翻译文本的选择与其文学创作及殖民统治下青年的生活状态相互关联。日本殖民统治下的东北文学作品的翻译并不都是日本文化的移植,更不都是殖民统治的帮凶。

Gu Ding has done a lot of Japanese literary translation all his life.His translation not only includes Japanese,but also includes Russian,French and Hungarian literature.With the change of Japanese imperialist cultural policy in the 14th year of Puppet Manchukuo,Gu Ding’s translation texts and the purposes of translation also varied correspondingly.His translation career canbe divided into three periods based on Marco Polo Bridge incident and Pearl Harbor incident.During the second period,hemainly focused on the translation of Russian and European literature.The main purpose of his translation is to absorb the essence of other countries’literature and improve himself,which is in line with the national harmony policy and the requirements of the Outline of Guidance for Arts and Literature.However,with the introduction of imperialist language colonial policy,the translation of Japanese language into Chinese is no longer a simple language conversion,but a struggle to maintain Chinese language and culture,and resist colonial cultural invasion.GuDing’s choice of translating Russian and European literary texts is closely related to his literary creation and the living conditions of young people under colonial rule.The translation of literary works in Northeast China under Japanese colonial rule is not the transplantation of Japanese culture,nor the translators all accomplices of colonizers.