冥想练习对中老年女子心率变异性及脑波的影响

Meditation training affecting the heart rate variability (HRV) and brain oscillations in middle and elderly women

目的:评价冥想练习对中年女子心率变异性及脑波的影响。方法:募集到15名45～60岁中老年女性为观察对象。观察其冥想训练前后心率变异性(HRV)、脑波变化以及两者之间的关系。结果:冥想训练前后,其HRV指标发生了明显变化,表现为冥想练习后nHF显著增加(P=0.004),而nLF(P<0.001)和LF/HF(P<0.001)显著下降。前额区和中央区α1(8～10 Hz)以及中央区α2(10～12 Hz)波功率显著增加(P<0.01),而枕区α波功率没有显著性变化。前额区高频段的θ2波(6～8 Hz)功率显著增加(P<0.01)。同时,冥想训练前后,位于额区的Fz和中央区Cz的θ2波功率变化与HRV的nHF变化呈显著正相关,Pearson相关系数分别为0.603和0.486。同时,位于额区的Fz和Cz的α1(8～10 Hz)波功率变化、位于Cz的α2波功率与nLF和LF/HF呈显著的负相关。结论:冥想练习可以影响练习者心脏的HRV功能以及脑波变化,而且冥想训练可能通过改变脑内局部区域的功能,进而影响自主神经系统的功能。

Objective:To evaluate the effects of meditation training on HRV and brain oscillations.Methods:15 women aged 45~60 participated in the study.The HRV,brain oscillations,and their relationships were assessed before and after meditation training.Results:After meditation training,the HRV represented significant changes,nHF increased(P=0.004),nLF(P<0.001)and LF/HF(P<0.001)decreased.The α1(8~10 Hz)oscillations power in the frontal and central regions and α2(10~12 Hz)oscillations power in the central regions significantly increased,whereas α oscillations power showed no significant changes.The θ2(6~8 Hz)oscillations power in the frontal region remarkably increased(P<0.01).Moreover,the changes of θ2(6~8 Hz)oscillations power in Fz and Cz were positively associated with changes of nHF of HRV,with a Pearson coefficient 0.603 and 0.486,respectively.And α1(8~10 Hz)oscillations power in the Fz and Cz electrodes and α2 oscillations power in Cz electrode were negatively related to nLF and LF/HF.Conclusions:Meditation training has effects on the HRV and brain oscillations and meditation may alter the local functions of brain,which further affects autonomic system.