互联网初创企业制度拼凑与整合策略多案例研究

Multiple Cases Study on Internet-Based New Venture's Institutional Bricolage and Integration Strategy

基于制度创业理论及制度拼凑相关研究,提出一个由知识和权力资源构成的制度创业策略分析框架,尝试揭示"互联网+"情境下,互联网初创企业如何运用制度创业策略获得合法性。基于"网约车"行业3家企业进行案例分析发现:(1)内涵上,"互联网+"情境为企业提供了新的资源基础,从而衍生出新的制度创业内涵,包括互联网话语、资源交换和公共服务。(2)策略选择上,知识、权力资源的不同组合影响企业的制度创业策略。在"多知识,少权力"组合下,倾向于采取知识型制度拼凑策略获取合法性;在"少知识,多权力"组合下,倾向于采取权力型制度拼凑策略;在"多知识,多权力"组合下,倾向于采取制度整合策略。(3)通过知识型制度拼凑策略构建认知、规范合法性,再通过整合策略构建规制合法性是互联网情境下的合法性演化路径。

Based on the Institutional entrepreneurship and bricolage theory,this study built an analysis framework which includes both power and knowledge resources,so as to explain how internet new venture utilizes Institutional entrepreneurship strategies to build legitimacy.A multiple cases study was set up which focused on the“online car-hailing industry”and it was found that①internet logic leads to new institutional entrepreneurship strategy,including internet-based rhetorical strategy,resource exchange and public service;②knowledge and power resource affect strategic choice,when a firm masters more knowledge resource and few power resource,it will choose knowledge-based bricolage strategy;when mastering more power and few knowledge resource,it will select power-based bricolage strategy;when mastering both resources,it will carry out an integrated strategy.③Within“Internet+”context,building cognitive and normative legitimacy first and then regulative legitimacy is an effective path for firms.