春季黄河口两种网型网采浮游动物的群落特征

Community Characteristics of Zooplankton Sampled with Two Plankton Nets in Yellow River Estuary in Spring

2011年5月(春季)在黄河口及其邻近水域分别采用浅水I型和浅水Ⅱ型浮游生物网采集浮游动物样品,分析了其种类组成、丰度变化及群落结构等特征。结果表明,黄河口及其邻近水域共鉴定浮游动物39种(包括未定种)、浮游幼虫16类。浅水Ⅰ型网采集的浮游动物优势种包括:中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)、腹针胸刺水蚤(Centropages abdominalis)、双毛纺锤水蚤(Acartia bifilosa)、强壮箭虫(Sagitta crassa)、短尾类溞状幼虫(Brachyura zoea larvae),浅水Ⅱ型网优势种为拟铃虫(Tintinnopsis sp.)、双毛纺锤水蚤(Acartia bifilosa)、拟长腹剑水蚤(Oithona similis)、桡足类无节幼虫(Copepoda nauplii)。浅水Ⅱ型网采集的浮游动物丰度是浅水Ⅰ型网的56倍。两种网型采集浮游动物样品的生物多样性指数存在明显差异,浅水Ⅰ型网采集浮游动物的香农-威纳指数高于浅水Ⅱ型网,但种类数浅水Ⅱ型网高于浅水Ⅰ型网。两种网型浮游动物样品的聚类分析(CLUSTER)结果一致,均将研究海域浮游动物划分为3个组群。网型的选择,不会影响聚类分析的结果。

Species composition,abundance and community structure of zooplankton were studied based on the samples collected in the Yellow River Estuary and its adjacent waters in spring 2011.A total of 56 species(including 16 pelagic larvae)were identified.Brachyura zoea,Calanus sinicus,Centropages abdominalis,Acartia bifilosa,and Sagitta crassa were the dominant species in the 505μm mesh net samples.Copepoda nauplii,Tintinnopsis sp.,Acartia bifilosa,Oithona similis were in dominance in the 160μm mesh net samples.The abundance of zooplankton with 160μm mesh size was 56 times of that with 505μm.Significant differences of biodiversity indexes were detected between samples collected by 2 plankton nets.The Shannon-Weaner index of zooplankton with 505μm mesh size were higher than that with 160μm.But species richness with 160μm mesh size was higher than that with 505μm.According to the CLUSTER results,the zooplankton samples with two plankton nets were differentiated to three communities,indicating that there was no difference in the cluster results of the samples collected with different plankton nets.