模拟火星大气环境对典型柔性结构热防护特性的影响

Influence of simulated Martian atmosphere environment on the thermal protection performance of typical flexible structures

随着深空探测任务的逐步开展,火星被视为最重要的载人探测目的地之一,而火星大气环境给柔性结构的热防护带来挑战。文章以舱外航天服手套为柔性热防护结构的研究对象,通过建模实现了舱外手套在火星大气环境冷工况下漏热功率的分析,并开展了模拟火星大气环境下舱外手套的热防护试验研究。结果表明:相比于近地轨道应用,现有舱外手套的热防护能力在火星大气环境中将显著降低,在冷工况下手套的漏热功率超过10 W,且局部热防护不足。在此研究基础上,文章对分析模型的完善、试验方法的拓展以及柔性热防护结构的改进等进行了展望。

With the gradual development of deep space mission,the Mars is regarded as one of the most important destinations for manned space detection.Unlike the tough vacuum environment in the low Earth orbit(LEO),the Martian atmosphere environment poses a challenge to the thermal protection of the flexible structures for manned detection.Taking the extravehicular spacesuit glove(EVA glove)as a typical subject,the heat leakage of EVA glove under the cold condition of the Martian atmosphere environment is estimated by model analysis,and the thermal protection of EVA glove in simulated Martian atmosphere is studied experimentally.The results show that the thermal protection performance of the EVA glove is significantly degraded in the Martian atmosphere as compared with that in the LEO applications.The heat leakage of the glove exceeds 10 W under the cold condition,and the local thermal protection measures are not sufficient.On this basis,the optimization of the analytical model,the extension of the test method,and the method to improve the performance of the flexible thermal protection structure are suggested.