云南省宁蒗地区摩梭人焦虑障碍流行病学调查

The epidemiological investigation of anxiety disorders in Mosuo people in Ninglang area of Yunnan Province

目的:了解云南省宁蒗县摩梭人的焦虑障碍患病率及其发病特点。方法:采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,随机抽取云南省丽江市宁蒗县永宁乡4个行政村620户中≥15岁摩梭人1 240人,应用定式检查问卷《简明国际精神病访谈(MINI)》为工具,以《美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第4版及《国际疾病分类》第10版为诊断标准,对焦虑障碍(惊恐障碍、社交焦虑障碍、场所恐怖症、广泛性焦虑障碍)发病情况进行调查。结果:共1 121人完成调查,焦虑障碍的时点患病率为5. 6%(95%CI:4. 3～7. 0),标准化率为4. 7%。本次调查检出4种常见的焦虑障碍,分别为惊恐障碍9例、场所恐惧症24例、社交焦虑障碍4例及广泛性焦虑障碍26例;时点患病率分别为0. 8%(95%CI:0. 4～1. 5)、2. 14%(95%CI:1. 4～3. 1)、0. 36%(95%CI:0. 1～1. 0)、2. 32%(95%CI:1. 5～3. 4)。焦虑障碍患病率女性(6. 2%,95%CI:4. 5～7. 9)高于男性(4. 5%,95%CI:2. 4～6. 6),但差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1. 355)。≥15岁的摩梭人中,60～69岁者焦虑障碍患病率最高,达到14. 2%;焦虑障碍患病率随着年龄而增加(χ~2=7. 671,P <0. 01)。结论:云南省宁蒗地区摩梭人焦虑障碍患病率较高,并有随年龄而增加的趋势,应该成为被重视的公共卫生问题。

Objective:To explore the prevalence of anxiety disorders among Mosuo people in Ninglang County,Lijiang City.Method:Six hundred and twenty families,a total of 1 240 Mosuo people aged 15 or older from 4 administrative villages in Yongning Township,Ninglang County,Lijiang City,Yunnan Province were selected by using the questionnaire"Concise International Mental Health Interview(MINI)"as a tool,using the 4th edition of the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the 10th edition of the International Classification of Diseases as diagnostic criteria,to investigate the incidence of anxiety disorder(including panic disorder,social anxiety disorder,agoraphobia disorder,generalized anxiety disorder).Results:A total of 1 121 people completed the survey.The prevalence rate of anxiety disorders was 5.6%(95%CI:4.3-7.0)and the standardization rate was 4.7%.Four common anxiety disorders in this survey were as following:9 cases of panic disorder,24 cases of place phobia,4 cases of social anxiety disorder and 26 cases of generalized anxiety disorder.The point prevalence rate was 0.8%(95%CI:0.4-1.5),2.14%(95%CI:1.4-3.1),0.36%(95%CI:0.1-1.0),2.32%(95%CI:1.5-3.4)respectively.The female prevalence of anxiety disorders was 6.2%(95%CI:4.5-7.9),higher than male prevalence(4.5%,95%CI:2.4-6.6),but the difference was not significant(χ^2=1.355).In the Mosuo people over the age of 15,the highest prevalence rate of anxiety disorders was in the people with 60 to 69 years old,reaching 14.2%.The prevalence of anxiety disorders was increased with age(χ^2=7.671,P<0.01).Conclusion:The prevalence of anxiety disorder among Mosuo people in Ninglang area is higher and have the tendency to increase with age,which should become a public health problem.