市场一体化的工业污染排放机制:长江经济带例证

Research on industrial pollution discharge mechanism of market integration: Taking the Yangtze River Economic Belt as an example

采用长江经济带2003～2015年105个城市面板数据,利用动态面板系统GMM方法探讨了市场一体化影响长江经济带工业二氧化硫、工业烟尘以及工业废水的实证结果及中间机制.研究表明:长江经济带各类工业污染物排放都具有动态累积效应以及存在路径依赖问题,市场规模加剧了工业污染排放,第三产业结构比例以及技术水平的提升则降低了各类工业污染排放水平,市场一体化存在影响各类工业污染物排放的规模、结构与技术传导路径.具体地,全样本中,市场一体化对各类工业污染排放物都具有技术中介效应,对于除工业烟尘之外的其他工业污染物排放具有市场规模中介效应,但第三产业结构中介效应不显著;分析区域异质性可知,与中下游地区相比,长江经济带上游地区市场一体化水平偏低,导致其对技术进步的促进不显著,缺乏影响各类工业污染物排放的技术中介效应,另外市场一体化对各地区工业烟尘的排放都具有一定的显著中介效应,至少能够从规模、结构以及技术进步层面找到一条显著的传导路径.本文推测,市场一体化对工业污染排放的影响可能受到了经济发展阶段、地区企业所有权属性、产业结构以及交通基础设施建设等潜在因素影响,而且工业烟尘排放量较大的行业是未来降低长江经济带工业污染排放的政策重点.

The dynamic panel system GMM method was used to make empirical analysis and explore intermediate mechanisms of market integration affecting industrial sulfur dioxide,industrial soot and industrial wastewater on basis of 2003~2015 data of 105 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.It is found that:all kinds of industrial pollutants in the Yangtze River Economic Belt had dynamic accumulation effects and path dependence problems;marketscaleincreased the industrial pollution emissionlevel,while the tertiary industry structure and technical level showed opposite effect,and the emissions of various industrial pollutantswereaffected bymarket integration through theabovethree paths;market integration hadtechnical and scale intermediary effectson industrial pollutant emissions excluding industrial soot,but the structure effect wasnot significant;analysis of regional heterogeneity showed that market integration in the upper reacheswas lower than that inthe middle and lower reaches,which led to insignificant technical intermediate effects;at least one significantintermediate path could be found to bring aboutsignificant effect on industrial soot emission in different regions;it is speculated that such potential factors as economic development stage,regional enterprise ownership attributes,industrial structure and transportation infrastructure construction were vital external environmental factors,and the industries with large industrial soot emissionshould be primary for pollution control.