胎儿宫内生长受限的影响因素和妊娠结局分析

Analysis of the influential factors of fetal intrauterine growth restriction and pregnancy outcome

目的分析胎儿宫内生长受限的影响因素和妊娠结局。方法选取2015年1月20日至2017年10月20日在漯河市中心医院治疗的100例胎儿宫内生长受限的孕妇作为观察组,选取同期在漯河市中心医院进行顺利分娩且胎儿体质量正常的60例产妇作为对照组。回顾性分析产妇的病历资料,分析胎儿宫内生长受限的相关因素和独立危险因素,比较两组产妇的妊娠结局。结果产前检查、妊娠期合并症、胎膜早破、胎盘异常、羊水过少、宫内窘迫与胎儿宫内生长受限有关(P<0.05)。无产前检查以及妊娠期合并症、胎盘异常、羊水过少、宫内窘迫的存在是胎儿宫内生长受限的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,观察组新生儿胎龄短、体质量低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组新生儿窒息率、死亡率分别为1.7%(1/60)、0,观察组新生儿窒息率、死亡率分别为10.0%(10/100)、7.0%(7/100),观察组新生儿窒息率、死亡率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论胎儿宫内生长受限影响因素较多且妊娠结局差,无产前检查以及妊娠期合并症、胎盘异常、羊水过少、宫内窘迫的存在是胎儿宫内生长受限的独立危险因素,临床需对其独立危险因素进行针对性预防。

Objective To analyze influential factors of fetal intrauterine growth restriction and pregnancy outcome.Methods One hundred pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction who were treated in Luohe Central Hospital were selected as observation group from January 20,2015 to October 20,2017.Sixty puerperants who had a successful delivery and normal body mass fetuses in Luohe Central Hospital in the same period were selected as control group.The medical record information of puerperants were retrospectively analyzed.The related factors and independent risk factors for intrauterine growth restriction were analyzed.The pregnancy outcomes of two groups of parturients were compared.Results Prenatal examination,pregnancy comorbidity,premature rupture of membranes,placental abnormality,too little amniotic fluid and intrauterine distress were related to intrauterine growth restriction(P<0.05).No Prenatal examination and the existence of pregnancy comorbidity,placental abnormality,too little amniotic fluid and intrauterine distress were the independent risk factors for intrauterine growth restriction(P<0.05).The neonatal gestational age was shorter,and the body mass was lower in observation group than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The neonatal asphyxia rate and mortality rate in control group were 1.7%(1/60),0,respectively.The neonatal asphyxia rate and mortality rate in observation group were 10.0%(10/100),7.0%(7/100),respectively.The neonatal asphyxia rate and mortality rate in observation group were higher than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion More factors affect intrauterine growth restriction and pregnancy outcome is poor.No Prenatal examination and the existence of pregnancy comorbidity,placental abnormality,too little amniotic fluid and intrauterine distress are the independent risk factors for intrauterine growth restriction.Clinically,the targeted prevention of independent risk factors of intrauterine growth restriction is required.