“成家”会促使“就业”吗——婚姻对城市低保对象就业行为的影响

Does Marriage Promote Employment?——The Influence of Marital Status on the Employment of Urban Residents With Social Subsistence Allowances

基于婚姻通过提升个体、改善家庭条件、积累家庭资本责任从而影响就业选择的研究假设,本文以城市中已达法定婚龄且有劳动能力的低保对象为研究对象,分析婚姻状态对其就业选择的影响。研究表明:婚姻显著地影响低保对象就业情况、再就业行为和再就业意愿。已婚低保对象的再就业情况好于未婚者,其再就业行为、意愿更积极。与已婚的低保对象相比,未婚的低保对象更容易失业,而在失业后再就业的意愿和积极性都更低。家中有老人的低保对象,就业和再就业的可能性降低。建议社会救助中对受助者的就业政策应兼顾个体激励和家庭帮扶。

There is a hypothese that marriage affects employment as marriage can promote the couple living quality,improve family conditions and accumulate family capital.We choose some of urban resident with social subsistence allowances to test this hypothese.The study shows that the marriage indeed significantly affects the low-income people's employment,re-employment behavior and willingness to re-employment.The married people are more likely to work and their re-employment behavior and willingness are stronger than the unmarried people who are more likely to be unemployed and have less working motives.However the residents entitled with subsistence allowances living with parents have significant more unemployment and less motives to find job.The implications of the findings is that the social subsistence allowances policy should take account of the recipient's employment,individual motivations and family status.