解耦膜与节流盘对液阻悬置动态特性的影响

Effects of Decoupling Membrane and Disturbing Plate on the Dynamic Characteristics of Hydraulic Damped Rubber Mount

分析了一种带解耦膜的液柱共振式液阻型橡胶隔振器的结构,结合液-固直接耦合有限元分析方法,建立了隔振器的一体化有限元模型,进行了不同激励频率下的隔振器动态特性计算和工作过程分析.结果表明解耦膜在低频范围也发生了变形,通过调整解耦膜的数量和刚度均可改变隔振器的低频动刚度和滞后角特性.在原方案基础上增设不同结构参数的节流盘并计算隔振器的动态特性,分析了节流盘的设置对隔振器动刚度和滞后角的低频峰值及其对应频率的影响,同时研究了隔振器的低频动态特性曲线随节流盘直径和杆长变化的规律.通过实验验证了有限元计算和分析的有效性.基于液-固直接耦合分析技术的有限元建模方法能够有效反映隔振器内部结构的实际工作过程和动态特性的变化规律,可以用于具有复杂结构的液阻型橡胶隔振器的性能分析和结构设计中.

The structure of a Hydraulic Damped Rubber Mount(HDM)with a column channel and decoupling membranes is analyzed.The integral finite element model of the HDM is developed by means of direct Fluid-Structure Interaction(FSI)Finite Element Analysis(FEA),and the calculation of the dynamic characteristics and the analysis of the working process under different excitation frequencies are carried out.The results show that the decoupling membranes deform in the low frequency range,and the characteristics of the dynamic stiffness and the loss angle of the HDM in low frequency range can be changed by adjusting the number and the stiffness of decoupling membranes.On the basis of the original design,disturbing plates with different structural parameters are added respectively and the dynamic characteristics of these HDMs are recalculated.The influence of the disturbing plate on the peak values and their corresponding frequencies of the dynamic stiffness and the loss angles is analyzed,and the laws of the dynamic characteristic curves changing with the diameter and rod length of the disturbing plates in the low frequency range are also investigated.The effectiveness of the finite element analysis and calculation is verified by the experiment.The FEA modeling method based on the direct FSI technology can efficiently reflect the real working process of the interior structures in the HDM and the change rule of the dynamic characteristics which can be used in the performance analysis and design process of HDMs with complex structures.