肠道黏液屏障功能的研究进展

Research Progress on Intestinal Mucus Barrier Function

哺乳动物肠道中存在多种防御机制保护机体免受病原体的侵害,同时预防自身肠道菌群的影响。肠道分泌的黏液是多种防御机制中的第1道防线。黏液层通过自身的持续性分泌将细菌与上皮细胞分离并促进细菌的清除,从而减少肠道炎症和肠源性感染的发生。近期研究发现,致病微生物进化出了绕过这种黏液保护系统的机制。本文通过对肠道黏液屏障的基本特性及其在建立肠道共生菌群、防御致病微生物移植和入侵中发挥的作用等方面研究进展的综述,为更好地理解黏液屏障在维持肠道健康方面的作用提供借鉴。

Mammals have many defense mechanisms in the intestinal tract to protect the body from pathogens and prevent the effects of intestinal microbiota.Intestine mucus is the first line of defense mechanisms.The mucus layer separates the bacteria from the epithelial cells by their continuous secretion and promotes the clearance of bacteria to reduce the incidence of intestinal inflammation and infection.Recent studies have found that pathogenic microorganisms have evolved mechanisms that bypass mucus protection system.This article reviewed the basic characteristics of intestinal mucus barrier and its role in the establishment of intestinal commensal microbiota and defense against the transplantation and invasion of pathogenic microorganisms.These research results would provide the reference for better understanding the role of mucous barrier in maintaining intestinal health.