加工番茄小孢子细胞学发育时期与花器形态相关性研究

Study on the Correlation between the Developmental Stage of Microspores and Shape of Flower Organs in Processing Tomatoes

【目的】在单倍体育种中,分析加工番茄花器官形态,鉴定小孢子发育时期,为花药离体培养外植体的选择提供理论依据。【方法】以加工番茄(杂交组合C1、C2和C3)为材料,研究小孢子不同发育时期的花器形态与细胞学形态。【结果】加工番茄小孢子发育时期与花器官形态密切相关,同一品种不同小孢子发育时期花器官形态不同;C1花蕾长度在小孢子单核靠边期大于其它2个杂交组合;相同小孢子发育时期不同杂交组合花器形态基本相同。【结论】加工番茄杂交组合C2和C3花蕾长度为5.00～5.99 mm,C1花蕾长度为6.00～6.99 mm时小孢子发育时期为单核靠边期。单核靠边期细胞学特征为细胞呈正圆形,细胞核靠近细胞壁和显现萌发孔。花器形态为花蕾膨大、微微张开、萼片黄绿色,花药颜色为黄绿色易剥离。

【Objective】In haploid breeding,the developmental stage of microspores can be discriminated based on the shape of the flower organ,which might provide a theoretical basis for the selection of explants in vitro culture of anthers.【Method】The tomato varieties in this study were hybridized combinations C1,C2,and C3.Acetate-magenta staining was used to observe the development of pollen microspores under a microscope.The morphology and anatomical characteristics of the microspores was observed at different developmental stages.【Result】The microspore development period of processing tomato was closely related to the floral organ morphology.The flower organ morphology was different during the development of different microspores in the same variety.The length of C1 flower bud was greater than that of the other two hybrid combinations in the mononuclear edge of microspores;At the same microspore development stage,the floral organ morphology of different hybrid combinations was basically the same.【Conclusion】The bud length of the hybridized combinations C2 and C3 ranged from 5.00 to 5.99 mm.In comparison,during the microspore development,the bud length of C1 ranging from 6.00 to 6.99 mm was uninucleate microspores.The mononuclear and apical cytological features were that the cells were perfectly round,with the nucleus near the cell wall,displaying the germination hole.Floral form was bud enlargement,slightly open,with yellow-green bracts,and the anther color was yellowish green and the anther was easy to peel off.