全株甘蔗对山羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、血清指标及瘤胃发酵参数的影响

Effects of Whole Sugarcane on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,Serum Indexes and Rumen Fermentation Indexes of Goats

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同比例全株甘蔗对山羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、血清指标及瘤胃发酵参数的影响。试验选取4～5月龄、体重相近、健康状况良好的断奶山羊96只,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复8只羊。对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(SC33、SC66和SC100组)分别用全株甘蔗替代33%、66%和100%的全株青贮玉米。预试期5 d,正试期30 d。结果表明:1)各组之间山羊终末体重、平均日增重、料重比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。随着全株甘蔗添加比例的增加,山羊平均日采食量(ADFI)呈线性增加(P <0. 05),SC100组山羊ADFI显著高于其他3组(P <0.05)。2)随着全株甘蔗添加比例的增加,干物质、有机物、总能、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)及酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)表观消化率呈线性下降(P<0.05),CON、SC33组均显著高于SC66、SC100组(P <0. 05)。3)随着全株甘蔗添加比例的增加,血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均呈线性增加(P<0.05),SC66、SC100组均显著高于CON、SC33组(P<0.05);血清丙二醛(MDA)含量呈线性降低(P<0.05),SC66、SC100组显著低于CON、SC33组(P <0. 05)。4) SC100组血清免疫球蛋白G含量显著低于CON、SC66组(P<0.05),SC66组血清免疫球蛋白A含量显著低于其他3组(P <0. 05),SC66、SC100组血清免疫球蛋白M含量显著高于CON、SC33组(P <0.05)。CON、SC100组血清尿酸含量显著高于SC33、SC66组(P<0.05),SC100组血清肌酐含量显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。5) CON组瘤胃液总挥发性脂肪酸浓度显著高于SC66组(P <0.05),CON组乙酸比例显著高于其他3组(P<0.05),SC100组丙酸比例显著高于其他3组(P<0.05),CON组乙酸/丙酸显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加全株甘蔗有利于提高山羊采食性能,增强机体的抗氧化能力和免疫力。建议全株甘蔗适宜添加比例为33%～66%。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary different percentage of whole sugarcane on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,serum indexes and rumen fermentation indexes of goats.Ninety-six 4-to 5-month-old healthy weanling goats with similar weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 8 goats per replicate.Goats in the control group(CON group)were fed a basal diet,and the others in the experimental groups(SC33,SC66 and SC100 groups)were fed diets which used 33%,66%and 100%whole sugarcane replaced whole silage corn,respectively.The pre-experimental period lasted for 5 days,and the experimental period lasted for 30 days.The results showed as follows:1)there were no significant differences in the final body weight,average daily gain and ratio of feed to gain of goats among all group(P >0.05).With the whole sugarcane percentage increased,the average daily feed intake(ADFI)of goats was increased linearly(P<0.05),and the ADFI of goats in SC100 group was significantly higher than that in other 3 groups(P<0.05).2)With the whole sugarcane percentage increased,the apparent digestibility of dry matter,organic matter,gross energy,neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)were decreased linearly(P<0.05),which in CON and SC33 groups was significantly higher than that in SC66 and SC100 groups(P<0.05).3)With the whole sugarcane percentage increased,the serum total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity were increased linearly(P<0.05),those in SC66 and SC100 groups were significantly higher than those in CON and SC33 groups(P<0.05);the serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content was decreased linearly(P<0.05),that in SC66 and SC100 groups was significantly lower than that in CON and SC33 groups(P<0.05).4)The serum immunoglobulin G content in SC100 group was significantly lower than that in CON and SC66 groups(P<0.05),the serum immunoglobulin A content in SC66 group was significantly lower than that in other 3 groups(P<0.05),the serum immunoglobulin M content in SC66 and SC100 groups was significantly higher than that in CON and SC33 groups(P<0.05).The serum uric acid content in CON and SC100 groups was significantly higher than that in SC33 and SC66 groups(P<0.05),the serum creatinine content in SC66 group was significantly higher than that in other 3 groups(P<0.05).5)The concentration of total volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid in CON group was significantly higher than that in SC66 group(P<0.05),the acetic acid proportion in CON group was significantly higher than that in other 3 groups(P<0.05),the propionic acid proportion in SC100 group was significantly higher than that in other 3 groups(P<0.05),the acetic acid/propionic acid in CON group was significantly higher than that in other 3 groups(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary whole sugarcane supplementation can improve the feed intake of goats,enhance the body antioxidant capacity and immunity.The recommended suitable percentage of whole sugarcane is 33%to 66%.