生长期肉鸡不同豆粕净能值研究

Study on Net Energy Values of Different Soybean Meals for Chickens during Growing Period

本试验利用禽用开放式呼吸测热装置进行能量代谢试验,通过间接测热法结合替代法测定生长期肉鸡不同豆粕净能值。采用近似拉丁方试验设计,试验共分6期,每期均选用同一孵化场的1日龄罗斯308雄性肉鸡60只,随机分为6个组,每组10只鸡。基础饲粮组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验饲粮组分别饲喂5种豆粕(3种带皮豆粕、2种去皮豆粕)按25%比例替代基础饲粮组成的试验饲粮。每期31 d,1～20日龄鸡舍内饲养,21日龄称重后从每组中选择2只健康、接近平均体重的试验鸡,分别放入呼吸测热装置的代谢室内9 d,测定气体交换和排泄物总量,其中适应3 d,呼吸测热3 d,绝食测热3 d,呼吸测热的同时进行消化代谢试验。结果表明:与基础饲粮组相比,试验饲粮组的表观代谢能、代谢能摄入量、沉积能和净能显著降低(P<0.05)。本试验得出,3种带皮豆粕对生长期肉鸡的表观代谢能值分别为9. 39、9. 70、9.71 M J/kg,2种去皮豆粕分别为10.35、10.47 M J/kg。3种带皮豆粕对生长期肉鸡的净能值分别为5.71、5.84、5.50 MJ/kg,2种去皮豆粕分别为6.04、6.31 MJ/kg。

In this study,an open-circuit calorimeter for poultry was used for energy metabolism test,and the net energy value of different soybean meals for growing broilers was determined by indirect calorimetry combined with surrogate method.The experiment used an approximate Latin square test,and divided into 6 periods,sixty 1-day-old Ross 308 male chickens from the same hatchery were selected in each period,and randomly divided into 6 groups with 10 chickens in each group.Chickens in the basal diet group were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet,and others in the test diet groups were fed the experimental diets which used 5 kinds of soybean meals(3 kinds of regular soybean meals,and 2 kinds of dehulled soybean meals)replaced 25%basal diet.Each period lasted for 31 day,chickens were fed in chicken houses during 1 to 20 days of age,two healthy birds with similar body weight in each group were selected and weighted on 21 days of age,and then put into respiration calorimetry chambers to measure the value via gaseous exchange and total excreta collection for 9 days,including 3-day dietary adaptation period,3-day respiratory calorimetry and 3-day fasting heat production,respiratory calorimetry and digestion metabolism were tested simultaneous.The results showed that compared with the basal diet group,the apparent metabolizable energy,metabolizable energy intake,retained energy and net energy in test diet groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05).This experiment concluded that the apparent metabolizable energy values are 9.39,9.70,9.71 MJ/kg for regular soybean meals,and 10.35,10.47 MJ/kg for dehulled soybean meals,respectively.The net energy values are 5.71,5.84,5.50 MJ/kg for regular soybean meals,and 6.04,6.31 MJ/kg for dehulled soybean meals,respectively.