陕北毛乌素沙漠区潜水含水层富水性及动态变化特征

Unconfined aquifer water-richness and dynamic change features of Mu Us Desert Area in northern Shaanxi

针对沙漠区潜水含水层富水性评价问题,基于野外调查和理论研究,总结认为毛乌素沙漠区内潜水含水层富水性主要由3层次5个因素综合控制,结合层次分析法、模糊聚类,提出了该区内潜水含水层富水性评价模型,并分析了各影响因素在一个水文年内的变化特征,综合评价了区内萨拉乌苏组潜水含水层的富水性分区特征及其动态变化规律。结果表明:区内潜水含水层以富水性弱区分布最广,且明显大于其他区域,同时该区的面积、形态也最容易受到枯水期和丰水期变化的影响。而较弱富水区的面积对季节变化不敏感,但其分布的区域发生了较大变化。相比之下,较强和强富水含水区则受到的影响较小。

Based on the field investigation and theoretical research,it is summarized that the water richness of phreatic aquifer in Mu Us desert area is mainly controlled by 5 factors which can be formed of 3 hierarchies,AHP(analytic hierarchy process)and fuzzy clustering method were adopted to build the water richness evaluation model of unconfined aquifer in the district,and the characteristics of each index in one hydrological year were analyzed.Partition characteristics and the dynamic change features of Salawusu phreatic aquifer were comprehensively evaluated.The results show that the area with weakest water yield is most widely distributed and significantly greater than other areas,its area and shape are also the most vulnerable to the wet and dry season change,while the area of weaker water-richness district would be less influenced by this change,but significant changes have taken place in its distribution shape.Stronger and strongest water richness zones,in contrast,were less affected.