我国儿童基本药物的可获得性研究——基于全国19省份的调查分析

Study on the availability of pediatric essential medicines in China:Based on the surveys in 19 provinces

目的:分析我国儿童基本药物的可获得性现状,为进一步保障我国儿童用药需求提供参考和建议。方法:利用国家卫健委与课题组合作调研获取的全国19个省份的调查数据,从药品配备率和可获得率两方面分析我国儿童基本药物的可获得性,并分析影响可获得性的因素。结果:我国儿童基本药物的可获得性整体较低,儿童基本药物的短缺现象并非发生在个别地区、个别医疗机构或个别治疗领域,而是普遍性的短缺;我国儿童基本药物短缺的源头问题在于儿童专用品种研发成本过高和儿童适宜品种定价机制失当,致使企业研产动力不足。结论:建议尽快将已有的国家儿童用药扶持政策细则落实到位,并进一步发挥卫生、药监、招标、定价、医保等多部门的协同合作,制定更多的优惠政策,帮扶企业研制儿童专用药品,以进一步促进我国儿童用药的供应保障。

Objective:To analyze the availability ofpediatricessential medicines in China, and to provide reference and suggestions for the further responses to the demand for pediatric medication in China.Methods:Using survey data collected from 19 provinces in China through the cooperation of the National Health Commission and our research group, the availability of pediatricessential medicines in China was analyzed from the perspectives of drug use and availability with its influencing factors.Results:The survey results showed that the availability of pediatricessential medicines in China is generally low.The shortage in such medicines does not occur in individual regions, individual medical institutions or individual treatment areas, but it is still general in the surveyed parts of the country. The two fundamental reasons for the noticed shortage are:the research on special varieties for Children is expensive and the pricing mechanism of suitable varieties is inappropriate, which results in insufficient motivation for R&D Enterprises. Conclusions:This article suggests that the existing national pediatric medication support policies should be put in place as soon as possible, andbe further implemented for nationwide pediatric consumption. It is also recommended that health, drug supervision, bidding, pricing, medical insurance and other departments should work together to make more preferential policies to help enterprises develop special pediatric drugs to further promote the supply and respond to the demand of medicine for children in China.