再论转喻的邻近性

Contiguity in metonymy revisited

概念邻近性是转喻的一个重要特征。从亚里士多德时期的修辞学到21世纪的认知语言学,关于转喻邻近性的研究也经历了从客观主义到概念论的发展。本文提出,不同方面的因素促成转喻中的概念域邻近并置,导致了丰富复杂的转喻现象。转喻是一种概念化认知方式,同时也是一种语言交际手段,对邻近性的探讨既要关注体验性认知原则,也要关注语言交际原则和策略;转喻也是基于社会文化内涵的概念化,因此,也要从认知社会语言学的视角对邻近性进行探讨。

Conceptual contiguity is a key property of metonymy.From the rhetorical study in Aristotle's time to cognitive linguistics in the 21^th century,studies of contiguity in metonymy have developed from an objectivist view to a conceptualist view.This paper points out that a variety of factors lead to the contiguous juxtaposition of the two conceptual domains in metonymy,thus making metonymy rich and complicated.Since metonymy is a basic way to conceptualize the world and to communicate,explorations into contiguity should take into consideration the general embodied cognition principles,the communicative principles and strategies.Moreover,metonymy is socioculturally situated conceptualization,so contiguity should be explored from the perspective of cognitive sociolinguistics.