大城市职住空间演变评估方法研究

Evaluatation of Jobs-Housing Spatial Relationship Evolution in Mega Cities

中国大城市正处于快速城镇化发展进程中,空间形态以及对应的就业-居住关系正在发生深刻嬗变。职住分离正是这一发展过程中的必然现象。本研究基于过剩通勤框架提出一种动态的Brotchie三角形模型研究方法,为快速城镇化发展中的中国城市通勤效率评估提供理论基础。借助南昌市城市居民出行调查中获得的大样本的通勤、就业等数据,为城市的职住平衡、通勤效率评价提供有效数据支撑,并对动态Brotchie三角形模型进行验证。研究证明,以过剩通勤框架下的动态Brotchie三角形模型和通勤节省、标准通勤节省指标评价快速城镇化大城市的通勤效率,相较职住比、过剩通勤率等指标更加有效并且有利于跨时间、跨城市的横向比较。

China’s mega cities are under a rapid urbanization.The spatial form and corresponding JobsHousing relationship are then exploring a number of profound changes.However,the separation between job and housing is an inevitable phenomenon in this development process.To exam such phenomenon,this paper proposes a dynamic Brotchie Triangle Model using the excess commuting framework to assessing the commuting efficiency in Chinese cities under a rapid urbanization.Using household survey in Nanchang,the paper proves that the dynamic Brotchie Triangle Model and selected indictors,i.e.,the commuting saving and standard commute saving,under the excess commuting framework can evaluate the commuting efficiency.The performance is more effective than the Jobs-Housing ratio or excess commuting rate and is beneficial to conducive to horizontal comparison across time and different cities.